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人権条約の批准は,住民の健康に影響を及ぼすのか?
Alexis Palmer1, Jocelyn Tomkinson, Charlene Phung
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 9, 2009
まとめ
人権条約の批准は,健康や社会的成果を一貫して改善するものではありません. 国家は,健康への権利を実現するために,条約の遵守を強化し,財政援助を必要としています.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 人権法 人権法 人権法
- 社会経済指標 社会経済指標
背景:
- 人権条約は,人権に対する国家のコミットメントを示すものである.
- 条約の批准と有形な健康/社会的改善の関係については,調査が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 人権条約の批准が,各国におけるより良い健康と社会的指標と相関するかどうかを判断する.
- 健康への権利の実現のための代理人としての条約批准の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 170カ国のデータを横断分析した.
- 健康指標の含有:HIV感染率,妊産婦,乳児,幼児死亡率.
- 社会指標の含有:児童労働,人間開発指数,ジェンダーギャップ,腐敗指数.
主要な成果:
- 人権条約の批准と,健康や社会的成果の改善との間に一貫した関連性は見つかりませんでした.
- 確立された市場経済は,条約の批准状況とは関係なく,より良い健康結果を示しました.
- 条約の批准だけでは,健康に対する権利の実現には不十分である.
結論:
- 人権条約の批准だけでは,公衆衛生や社会福祉の改善を保証することはできません.
- 強化された説明責任機構と財政的支援は,条約の義務を果たし,健康への権利を実現するために,国家にとって極めて重要です.
- 人権条約に対するより厳格な批准要件は,真のコミットメントと効果を確保するために推奨されます.
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