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Stromal Cell Isolation From Hematopoietic Organs
Published on: January 26, 2024
骨髄アディポサイトは,血液形成微環境の負の調節体として作用する
Olaia Naveiras1, Valentina Nardi, Pamela L Wenzel
1Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|June 12, 2009
まとめ
アディポサイトは,骨髄の活動を否定的に調節する. マウスにおけるアディポゲネシスの抑制は,放射線治療後の血液形成の回復を加速し,骨髄移植の治療の可能性を示唆した.
科学分野:
- 血液学 ヘマトロジ
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- オステオブラストと内皮を含む骨髄のニッチは,血液形成性幹細胞を支えている.
- アディポサイトは成人の骨髄に存在し,その数は血液形成活動と逆相関しています.
- 骨髄の脂肪浸透は,放射線治療や化学療法後に,骨髄アプラシアで観察される.
研究 の 目的:
- 骨髄の微小環境における血形成の調節におけるアディポサイトの役割を調査する.
- アディポサイトが血液形成幹細胞の機能に積極的に影響するか,単に空間を占有するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ネズミの骨格の脂肪酸に富んだ領域と脂肪酸のない領域における血液形成活動の比較分析.
- フローサイトメトリー,コロニー形成アッセイ,競争力のある再生アッセイを用いて.
- 遺伝子組み換えリポアトロフィックマウスとアディポゲネシス阻害剤で治療されたマウスの血液形成回復の検査.
主要な成果:
- 血液形成性幹細胞と原始細胞は,アディポサイトに富んだ尾椎に,アディポサイトのない胸椎と比較して,より少ない頻度であった.
- 骨髄移植後の放射線治療は"脂肪のない"マウスと,ペロキシソーム増殖器活性化受容体ガンマ阻害剤で治療されたマウスで加速されました.
- これらの発見は,アディポサイトに富んだ領域における血液形成性幹細胞と祖先細胞の減少を示しています.
結論:
- アディポサイトは,骨髄の微小環境の負の調節体として作用する.
- アディポゲネシスを阻害することは,血液形成の回復を向上させ,臨床骨髄移植に潜在的な利点をもたらします.
関連する概念動画
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Overview of Hematopoiesis
Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors
Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Hematopoiesis
The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...

