微生物による環境変化の適応的予測
Amir Mitchell1, Gal H Romano, Bella Groisman
1Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Nature
|June 19, 2009
まとめ
Escherichia coliやSaccharomyces cerevisiaeのような微生物は,環境の変化を予期することができ,その特徴は生存を改善します. この予想は,刺激の時間的な順序を通して学習され,それを示唆します.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- 微生物の生息地は予測不能または予測可能であり,環境変化への適応を可能にします.
- 生物は,時間的な順序に基づいて環境刺激を予想するために進化し,パヴロフの条件付けに似ています.
研究 の 目的:
- モデル微生物であるEscherichia coliとSaccharomyces cerevisiaeにおける環境変化の予測を調査する.
- 予期が適応性特質であるかどうかを判断し,その分子的基礎を理解する.
主な方法:
- 制御された環境刺激の下でEscherichia coliとSaccharomyces cerevisiaeを研究した.
- 条件付き反応の変化を観察するために,実験室の進化実験を活用しました.
- 予測の分子機構を理解するために,遺伝子規制ネットワークを分析した.
主要な成果:
- 早期の環境刺激への予期暴露が,その後の刺激に遭遇したときにフィットネスを向上させることを実証した.
- 初期刺激のみに曝露されたEscherichia coli菌株において条件付き反応の喪失が観察されました.
- 規制ネットワークは,刺激の時間的な順序を埋め込み,早期の刺激が後者の遺伝子を前誘導することを明らかにした.
結論:
- 環境予測は,微生物の進化過程で選択された適応特質である.
- 環境刺激の時間的な順序は,微生物の規制ネットワークに統合されています.
- 環境の変化を予期することは,至る所に存在する生物学的現象かもしれません.
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