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薬剤の発見と天然製品:時代の終わりか,それとも無限の境界か?
1Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
まとめ
自然製品は薬の発見の鍵ですが,研究は減少しています. メタボリックエンジニアリングや合成生物学のような新しい技術は,未開拓の生物資源から新しい薬剤を発見するためのエキサイティングな機会を提供します.
科学分野:
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
- バイオテクノロジー バイオテクノロジー
- 薬用化学 薬用化学について
背景:
- 歴史的に見て,天然製品は新薬開発の主要な源となっています.
- 自然製品に関する医薬品の研究は,過去15年にわたって減少し,合成ライブラリにシフトしています.
- 新薬の承認が減り,特許の有効期限が切れているため,新薬発見に革新的なアプローチが必要となっている.
研究 の 目的:
- 薬剤開発における天然製品の歴史的意義を強調する.
- 製薬業界における天然製品研究の減少に対処するため.
- 天然製品の薬剤発見を活性化するための新興技術の探索.
主な方法:
- 薬剤発見における歴史的動向のレビュー.
- 合成ライブラリの高スループットスクリーニングの影響の分析.
- "スマートスクリーニング",ロボット分離,代謝工学,合成生物学を含む先進技術の特定と議論.
- 急速遺伝子配列と生物合成経路の操作における進歩の検討.
主要な成果:
- 歴史的に見て,天然製品から新薬のほとんどは生み出されています.
- 合成ライブラリに重点を置くことは,天然製品の研究の減少につながりました.
- 新興技術は,将来の天然製品の薬剤発見に重要な可能性を秘めています.
- 遺伝子シーケンシングと経路工学は,薬剤剤を特定するための膨大なリソースを提供します.
結論:
- 研究が減少しているにもかかわらず,天然製品は医薬品開発の重要な源泉であり続けています.
- 新しい技術は,課題を克服し,未開拓の生物資源を活用するための有望な機会を提供します.
- 将来の薬剤発見の取り組みは,現代のバイオテクノロジーツールを自然製品の探査と統合することで,大幅に前進することができます.
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