骨髄性腫瘍における変異したC-CBL腫瘍抑制剤の機能増強
Masashi Sanada1, Takahiro Suzuki, Lee-Yung Shih
1Cancer Genomics Project, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
Nature
|July 22, 2009
まとめ
骨髄性腫瘍における得られた単親分裂症 (aUPD) は,C-CBL腫瘍抑制体の新しい機能獲得変異と関連しています. これらの変異は,血液生成幹細胞のサイトカイン感受性を高め,がんの発症を誘発する.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 獲得したユニパレンタルジソミー (aUPD) は,がんにおける頻繁なイベントであり,ヘテロジゴシティの喪失を引き起こし,腫瘍サプレッサーおよびプロトオンコゲン機能に影響を及ぼします.
- C-CBL遺伝子 (CBLとも呼ばれる) は,そのE3ユビキチンリガゼ活性を通してチロシンキナーゼシグナル伝達を否定的に調節する腫瘍サプレッサーをコードします.
研究 の 目的:
- 11q腕aUPDに関連した骨髄性腫瘍におけるC-CBL変異の役割を調査する.
- 新型C-CBL変異の機能的影響を特徴づけ,腫瘍生成への貢献.
主な方法:
- 11q-aUPD陽性骨髄性悪性腫瘍におけるC-CBL変異の分析.
- 腫瘍発生の可能性を評価するためにNIH3T3細胞での機能検査.
- 血液形成性幹細胞/原始細胞 (HSPC) 実験は,ノックアウトおよび変異性C-CBLモデルを使用して,サイトカイン感受性を評価する.
主要な成果:
- ホモジゴスC-CBL変異は,11q-aUPD陽性骨髄性悪性腫瘍において一般的であった.
- C-CBL変異体は,E3ユビキチンリガース活性が低下し,野生型C-CBLが抑制され,チロシンキナーゼの活性化が長引いた.
- HSPCにおける変異C-CBLは,複数のサイトカインに対する感受性を高め,機能獲得効果を示した.
結論:
- 11q aUPDに関連したC-CBL腫瘍抑制体の機能獲得変異は,特定の骨髄性がんサブセットの病原性において重要な役割を果たします.
- これらの変異と組み合わせた野生型C-CBLアレルの喪失は,疾患の発症に極めて重要です.
関連する概念動画
Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules
Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
Inhibition of Cdk Activity
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
Targeted Cancer Therapies
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules
Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...


