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クラミドモナスは2つの"ギア"で泳いでいるが,これはエウカリオット版の走ったり転んだりする運動である
Marco Polin1, Idan Tuval, Knut Drescher
1Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 25, 2009
まとめ
ユカリオットフラゲルの協調は生命の鍵である. 暗闇では,クロミドモナスの藻類は同期と非同期の振動を切り替え,まっすぐ泳ぐことや"走って転ぶ"方向転換を可能にします.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
背景:
- ユカリオットのフラジェラ協調は,運動性や感受性などの細胞機能に不可欠です.
- 単細胞藻クロミドモナス (Chlamydomonas) は,鞭状生物学の研究のためのモデル生物である.
- 以前の研究では,クラミドモナスが同期フラゲラ拍子で泳ぐことが示されていた.
研究 の 目的:
- 移動中のユカリオットフラゲラの複雑な調整パターンを調査する.
- クラミドモナスのフラジェラ協調と細胞運動の関係を理解するために.
- 鞭状の打つパターンの基礎にある規制メカニズムを探求する.
主な方法:
- 長期にわたる高速イメージングを使用して,フラゲラ動態を捉える.
- 細胞の軌跡と鞭状の協調を分析するために3次元トラッキングを使用します.
- クラミドモナスの細胞が暗闇の中で泳ぎ,行動の変化を誘発することを観察した.
主要な成果:
- クラミドモナスの細胞は,暗闇の中で同期および非同期のフラゲラビートパターンの間でのストキャスティックな切り替えを示します.
- シンクロンフラジェラ鼓動は,ほぼまっすぐな泳ぐ軌跡と相関しています.
- アシンクロンなフラジェラ鼓動は,突然の,大きな角の細胞の方向転換と関連しています.
- この非同期的な行動は,バクテリアで見られる"走ったり転んだり"の運動性を真似ています.
結論:
- ユカリオットのフラジェラ協調は,これまで理解していたよりもダイナミックで,ビートパターンのストキャスティックな切り替えを含みます.
- クラミドモナスの観察された"走って転がる"ような動きは,細菌の化学作用の真核モデルを提供します.
- これらのフラゲル動態を理解することは,真核細胞の運動性と行動を理解するために不可欠です.
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