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RNAポリメラーゼIIIは,細胞塩基DNAを検知し,RIG-I経路を通ってI型インターフェロンを誘導する
Yu-Hsin Chiu1, John B Macmillan, Zhijian J Chen
1Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA.
Cell
|July 28, 2009
まとめ
細胞塩基DNAは,RNAポリメラーゼIII (Pol-III) 経由で5'-トリフォスファートRNA (5'-pppRNA) に変換され,インターフェロン反応を誘発する. このRNAはRIG-I経路を活性化し,Pol-IIIをハイライトします.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
背景:
- I型インターフェロン (IFN) は,抗ウイルスおよび自己免疫反応に不可欠です.
- RIG-I/MAVS経路は,細胞性RNAに対する反応としてIFNの生成を媒介する.
- 細胞塩基DNAがIFN-βを誘導するメカニズムは以前は知られていなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- 細胞二鎖DNAによるIFN-β誘導のメカニズムを解明する.
- 細胞塩基DNAを感知し,IFN応答を開始する酵素を特定する.
主な方法:
- 責任ある酵素を特定するための生化学的浄化.
- DNA (poly (((dA-dT)) とDNAウイルスに感染する.
- RNAポリメラーゼIII (Pol-III) の活動を阻害する.
- 細胞内細菌 (レジオネラ・プネオフィラ) による感染.
主要な成果:
- サイトソリックDNA (poly(dA-dT)) は5 -pppRNAに変換されます.
- DNA依存型RNAポリメラーゼIII (Pol-III) は,DNAテンプレートからこの5 -pppRNAを合成する.
- Pol-IIIの抑制は,DNA変異,DNAウイルス,およびレジオネラ肺炎菌によるIFN-β誘導を阻害する.
- Pol-IIIの阻害はレジオネラ肺炎菌の増殖を促進する.
結論:
- RNAポリメラーゼIIIは,細胞性DNAセンサとして作用する.
- Pol-IIIによるDNAの5 -ppp RNAへの変換は,細胞性DNAの先天的な免疫感知における重要なステップです.
- この経路は,DNAウイルスと細胞内細菌感染症の制御に不可欠です.
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