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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes
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マイクロRNAと並列幹細胞が共存しています.

Peter B Dirks1

  • 1Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G1X8, Canada. peter.dirks@sickkids.ca

Cell
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

自己再生因子BMI1を調節する特定のマイクロRNAは,正常な乳がん幹細胞と乳がん発起細胞で下調調節されます. これは,microRNAsががん幹細胞の調節と標的化に役割を果たしていることを示唆しています.

さらに関連する動画

Cell Sorting of Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells from the Adult Mouse Subventricular Zone and Live-imaging of their Cell Cycle Dynamics
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Live Imaging Followed by Single Cell Tracking to Monitor Cell Biology and the Lineage Progression of Multiple Neural Populations
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Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes
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Cell Sorting of Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells from the Adult Mouse Subventricular Zone and Live-imaging of their Cell Cycle Dynamics
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科学分野:

  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • がん研究 がん研究

背景:

  • マイクロRNA (miRNA) は,遺伝子発現を調節する小さなノンコーディングRNAです.
  • BMI1遺伝子は,細胞の自己再生の重要なレギュラーであり,様々な癌に関与しています.
  • 癌幹細胞は,腫瘍細胞のサブ集団であり,腫瘍の成長と再発を誘導すると考えられています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 正常およびがん性乳腺幹細胞におけるBMI1発現の調節におけるマイクロRNAの役割を調査する.
  • 特定のマイクロRNAが乳がんを誘発する細胞で変化しているかどうかを判断する.
  • 癌の幹細胞治療のためにマイクロRNAを標的とする可能性を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 正常な乳腺上皮幹細胞と乳腺腫瘍を誘発する細胞の浄化.
  • マイクロRNAとBMI1の発現レベルを測定するための定量的リアルタイムPCR.
  • 潜在的なマイクロRNA標的を特定するためのバイオ情報分析.

主要な成果:

  • BMI1を調節する特定のマイクロRNAは,正常な乳がん幹細胞と乳がん発起細胞の両方でダウンレギュレーションされていることが判明しました.
  • これらのマイクロRNAのダウンレギュレーションは,がん幹細胞におけるBMI1不調のメカニズムを示唆する.
  • これらの発見は,マイクロRNA活動とがん幹細胞の特性との潜在的な関連性を強調しています.

結論:

  • マイクロRNAは,哺乳類幹細胞の自己再生因子BMI1を調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.
  • 変異したマイクロRNA発現は,乳がんを誘発する細胞と関連しています.
  • これらのマイクロRNAを標的にすることは,乳がんに対する新しい治療戦略を表す可能性があります.