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関連する概念動画

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

Ink4/Arfロクスは,iPS細胞の再プログラムのための障壁です.

Han Li1, Manuel Collado, Aranzazu Villasante

  • 1Tumor Suppression Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 3 Melchor Fernandez Almagro Street, Madrid E-28029, Spain.

Nature
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
まとめ

Ink4/Arfロカスを静止することは,誘発性多能幹細胞 (iPS) 発生に不可欠です. この局所を一時的に抑制することで,再プログラム効率と運動性が著しく改善され,iPS細胞生産の重要な戦略となる.

さらに関連する動画

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP
08:25

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Published on: April 3, 2012

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor
07:28

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor

Published on: February 1, 2015

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP
08:25

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Published on: April 3, 2012

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor
07:28

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor

Published on: February 1, 2015

科学分野:

  • 細胞を再プログラムする.
  • エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
  • 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学とは

背景:

  • Oct4,Klf4,およびSox2を含む誘発性多能幹細胞 (iPS) 細胞生成メカニズムは完全に理解されていません.
  • 腫瘍抑制剤p16 (Ink4a),p19 (Arf),およびp15 (Ink4b) をコードするInk4/Arfロカス (Ink4/Arfロカス) は,微分化した細胞で上位調節されている.
  • この場所が効率性を再プログラムする役割は,調査の重要な分野です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 異なる細胞をiPS細胞に再プログラムするインク4/アルフの位置の役割を調査する.
  • 効率的なiPS細胞生成のために,Ink4/Arf場所の静止が不可欠であるかどうかを判断する.
  • Ink4/Arfロクスをターゲットにすることで,iPS細胞生産を高めるための治療戦略を探求する.

主な方法:

  • インク4/アルフロカスサイレンシングのIPS細胞と胚性幹細胞 (ES) の分析.
  • 様々な細胞培養条件下での再プログラミング中のInk4/Arfロカス発現の評価.
  • 遺伝子およびshRNA媒介によるInk4/Arf場所の抑制により,再プログラム効率を評価する.
  • ネズミとヒトの細胞におけるInk4/Arfロカス機能の比較分析.
  • 老いた細胞におけるInk4/Arfロカス調節とその再プログラミングへの影響に関する研究.

主要な成果:

  • Ink4/Arfロクスは,iPSとES細胞で完全に静止され,二価クロマチンのマークを取得します.
  • 再プログラミング条件により,Ink4/Arfの発現が強化され,効率的なiPS細胞生成のためにその静音化が必要になります.
  • Oct4,Klf4,およびSox2の共同作用は,Ink4/Arfロクスを抑制し,茎のマーカーと相関する.
  • Ink4/Arfの遺伝的阻害は,iPS細胞生成運動とコロニー数を大幅に高めます.
  • Arfはネズミの細胞 (p53/p21経由) の主要なバリアであり,INK4aはヒトの線維芽細胞においてより重要である.
  • Ink4/Arfの年齢関連のアップレギュレーションは,再プログラム効率を低下させ,ロカス阻害によって救出されます.

結論:

  • Ink4/Arfロカスサイレンシングは,iPS細胞再プログラムにおける速度制限のステップです.
  • Ink4/Arfロカスの一時的な阻害は,iPS細胞生成を改善するための有望な戦略です.
  • Ink4/Arf調節を理解することは,細胞の可塑性や老化に関する洞察を提供します.
  • Ink4/Arfのターゲティングは,再生医療の応用のための潜在的な治療の道を提供します.