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関連する概念動画

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
Overview of Protein Sorting and Transport01:45

Overview of Protein Sorting and Transport

Eukaryotic cells have different membrane-bound organelles with distinct protein requirements. The process by which proteins are targeted to a specific organelle is called protein sorting.
Protein sorting can be of two types: signal-based sorting and vesicle-based trafficking. In signal-based sorting, specific amino acid sequences called sorting signals target proteins to the proper location inside the cell either via gated transport or by protein translocation.  In gated transport, folded...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Lateral Diffusion and Exocytosis of Membrane Proteins in Cultured Neurons Assessed using Fluorescence Recovery and Fluorescence-loss Photobleaching
11:58

Lateral Diffusion and Exocytosis of Membrane Proteins in Cultured Neurons Assessed using Fluorescence Recovery and Fluorescence-loss Photobleaching

Published on: February 29, 2012

膜タンパク質の横向の拡散

Sivaramakrishnan Ramadurai1, Andrea Holt, Victor Krasnikov

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Groningen Biomolecular science and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute of Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 14, 2009
PubMed
まとめ

巨大ユニラメラー小胞 (GUVs) の統合膜タンパク質の移動性を測定した. 低密度ではサフマン-デルブルックモデルに従って,濃度が増加するにつれてタンパク質の拡散が遅くなります.

さらに関連する動画

From Fast Fluorescence Imaging to Molecular Diffusion Law on Live Cell Membranes in a Commercial Microscope
15:10

From Fast Fluorescence Imaging to Molecular Diffusion Law on Live Cell Membranes in a Commercial Microscope

Published on: October 9, 2014

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
05:56

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells

Published on: November 12, 2020

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Lateral Diffusion and Exocytosis of Membrane Proteins in Cultured Neurons Assessed using Fluorescence Recovery and Fluorescence-loss Photobleaching
11:58

Lateral Diffusion and Exocytosis of Membrane Proteins in Cultured Neurons Assessed using Fluorescence Recovery and Fluorescence-loss Photobleaching

Published on: February 29, 2012

From Fast Fluorescence Imaging to Molecular Diffusion Law on Live Cell Membranes in a Commercial Microscope
15:10

From Fast Fluorescence Imaging to Molecular Diffusion Law on Live Cell Membranes in a Commercial Microscope

Published on: October 9, 2014

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
05:56

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells

Published on: November 12, 2020

科学分野:

  • バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
  • メンブラン生物学 メンブラン生物学
  • タンパク質のダイナミクス

背景:

  • 統合膜タンパク質は,細胞機能にとって極めて重要です.
  • 横の移動性を理解することは,膜の組織と機能を理解する鍵です.
  • Saffman-Delbruckのような以前のモデルは,脂質二重層におけるタンパク質拡散の枠組みを提供する.

研究 の 目的:

  • 巨大ユニラメラー小胞 (GUVs) の内部における様々な統合膜タンパク質の横向移動性を定量化する.
  • タンパク質濃度と大きさの拡散係数に対する影響を調査する.
  • 異なる条件下でのサフマン-デルブルックモデルの適用性を評価する.

主な方法:

  • 光相関光譜法 (FCS) を用いて横向拡散を測定した.
  • 統合膜タンパク質 (受容体,チャネル,トランスポーター) とアルファヘリルペプチドは,光で標識された.
  • タンパク質は,タンパク質と脂質の比率によって異なるGUVに再構成されました.

主要な成果:

  • 低タンパク質密度 (10〜100タンパク質/μm2) で,拡散係数はタンパク質半径への弱い依存を示し,サフマン-デルブルックモデルと一致しました.
  • 高タンパク質密度 (最大3000タンパク質/μm2) で,タンパク質濃度が増加するにつれて,横向拡散は線形的に減少した.
  • 研究結果は,タンパク質の混雑が移動能力に有意な影響を及ぼすことを示唆しています.

結論:

  • タンパク質とタンパク質の相互作用と膜の混雑は,横向きの運動に大きく影響する.
  • 拡散測定は,タンパク質の幾何学とオリゴメリゼーション状態を推論するために利用できます.
  • この研究は,混雑した生物膜に関連したタンパク質のダイナミクスに関する洞察を提供します.