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塩素フェノキシ除草剤とイオキシニル除草剤による急性中毒に対するアルカリ性尿路症
R J Flanagan1, T J Meredith, M Ruprah
1Poisons Unit, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 24, 1990
まとめ
アルカリ性尿路症は,クロロフェノキシ除草剤またはイオキシニル中毒の患者,特に重症症状のある患者の生存率を改善しました. この治療は,血中のクロロフェノキシ除草剤のレベルを効果的に低下させました.
科学分野:
- 臨床毒理学 臨床毒理学とは
- 環境衛生 環境衛生 環境衛生
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
背景:
- クロロフェノキシ除草剤とイオキシニルは,中毒事件に関連する一般的な農業化学物質です.
- これらの中毒の毒動力学と効果的な治療法を理解することは,患者のアウトカムにとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- クロロフェノキシ除草剤とイオキシニルの血中濃度とその毒性の関係を調べる.
- これらの除草剤を含む急性中毒症例の管理におけるアルカリ性尿路の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- クロロフェノキシ除草剤および/またはイオキシニルを摂取したと報告された41人の患者を含む研究.
- 血中の除草剤濃度,臨床表現 (昏睡レベルを含む),治療介入の分析.
- 患者の生存率と除草剤の除去に対するアルカリ性尿尿症の影響の評価.
主要な成果:
- 複数の除草剤への曝露は一般的であった (41人の患者のうち38人).
- アルカリ性尿路症は,重度のクロロフェノキシ除草剤中毒 (15/16生存者) とイオキシニル共摂取 (3/3生存者) の生存率と関連していました.
- アルカリ性二尿症は血クロロフェノキシの半減期を著しく短縮したが,イオキシニルのクリアランスには影響しなかった.
結論:
- アルカリ性尿路症は,急性クロロフェノキシ除草剤中毒の有益な治療法であり,特に昏睡状態または高い除草剤レベルを有する患者の場合です.
- この治療は,イオキシニルの併用摂取において有望であり,生存率を向上させています.
- アルカリ性尿路症の徴候には,昏睡状態,酸性血症,または血クロロフェノキシ濃度≥0.5g/lが含まれる.
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