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HATとHDACの全ゲノムマッピングは,活性遺伝子と非活性遺伝子の異なる機能を明らかにしています
Zhibin Wang1, Chongzhi Zang, Kairong Cui
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Cell
|August 25, 2009
まとめ
ヒストンアセチルトランスフェラーゼ (HAT) とデセチラーゼ (HDAC) は活性遺伝子を結合し,HDACはクロマチンをリセットする. プライムされた不活性遺伝子は,ダイナミックなHAT/HDAC結合を示すが,サイレント遺伝子はHDACを欠いている.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクスと遺伝子調節
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- クロマチンのダイナミクス
背景:
- ヒストンのアセチル化は,活発な転写のための重要なマーカーです.
- ヒストンアセチルトランスフェラーゼ (HAT) とデセチラゼ (HDAC) は,ヒストンアセチル化を敵対的に調節する.
- 以前の理解では,HATは活性遺伝子,HDACは非活性遺伝子と関連付けられていた.
研究 の 目的:
- HATとHDACの染色体への全ゲノム結合をマッピングする.
- 遺伝子調節におけるHATsとHDACsの役割を明らかにする.
- HATとHDACのターゲティングメカニズムを理解する.
主な方法:
- HATとHDACの全ゲノムクロマチンのマッピング.
- RNAポリメラーゼII (Pol II) のリン酸化を分析する.
- H3K4メチル化などのヒストンの改変の調査.
主要な成果:
- HATとHDACは,アセチル化ヒストンを持つ活性遺伝子のいずれにも存在します.
- リン酸化RNA Pol IIは,HATとHDACの両方を,活性遺伝子の転写された領域に標的にします.
- 人間のHDACのほとんどは,活性遺伝子のアセチル化を取り除き,クロマチンをリセットする機能を持っています.
- H3K4メチル化によってプライムされた不活性遺伝子は,ダイナミックなHAT/HDAC結合を示し,活性化のためにそれらを毒化する.
- H3K4メチル化のないサイレント遺伝子はHDAC結合を示さない.
結論:
- HATとHDACは,リン酸化RNA Pol IIによって活性遺伝子に動的に誘導される.
- HDACsは,活性遺伝子クロマチンのリセットに重要な役割を果たします.
- プリムされた不活性遺伝子のダイナミックなHAT/HDAC活動は,遺伝子抑制と将来の活性化をバランスとします.
- HDACは,プライムされていない遺伝子の静止状態を維持することに関与していません.
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