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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

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Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains
Published on: December 13, 2014
Saccharomyces cerevisiaeにおける同翻訳的なmRNAの分解
Wenqian Hu1, Thomas J Sweet, Sangpen Chamnongpol
1Center for RNA Molecular Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
Nature
|August 25, 2009
まとめ
メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) 崩壊は,リボソームが活発に翻訳している間に発生し,リボソームの除去が必要であるという考えに異議を唱えます. これは,最終リボソームが翻訳を完了できるようにするために,mRNAの分解が進化したことを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝子発現の規制について
- RNAの代謝について
背景:
- 安定状態のメッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) レベルは,転写と分解率によって決定されます.
- トランスクリプションの調節はよく理解されていますが,mRNAの分解メカニズムはほとんど不明です.
- 酵母では,mRNAの分解にはデデエニレーション,デカッピング,および5'-3'エクソヌクレアゼの消化が含まれます.
研究 の 目的:
- mRNAの分解経路におけるリボソームの役割を調査する.
- リボソーム解離がmRNA分解の前提条件であるかどうかを判断する.
- トランスレーションとmRNAの分解の関係を解明する.
主な方法:
- 酵母におけるmRNAの分解を研究した.
- 活発に翻訳するリボソームと関連して観察されたmRNAの衰退.
- リボソーム解離のタイミングとmRNAの分解を分析した.
主要な成果:
- mRNAの分解は,活性リボソーム翻訳と同時に行われます.
- mRNAの分解が始まる前にリボソームの解離は不要である.
- mRNAの分解の5'−3'の極性は,翻訳の完了を保証する可能性がある.
結論:
- mRNAの分解前にリボソームが分離しなければならないという説は間違っている.
- mRNAの分解は,トランスクリプトを積極的に翻訳する過程で進行することができます.
- mRNAの分解のプロセスは,翻訳の完了と関連しています.
関連する概念動画
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Riboswitches
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

