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良い遺伝子と幸運: アムモノイドの多様性とペルム紀末期の大量絶滅
Arnaud Brayard1, Gilles Escarguel, Hugo Bucher
1UMR-CNRS 5561 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, F-21000, Dijon, France. arnaud.brayard@u-bourgogne.fr
まとめ
ペルミア期末の大量絶滅によって深刻な影響を受けたアンモノイド頭足類は,トライアシク初期に急速で高い多様性の回復を示した. この爆発的なアンモノイドの多様化は,他の海洋群の回復が遅いとの対照性があります.
科学分野:
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- マリン・バイオロジー マリン・バイオロジー
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- ペルム紀末期の大量絶滅は,海洋生物多様性の壊滅的な損失を引き起こし,海洋生物種の80%以上を絶滅させた.
- アムノイド頭足類は,この絶滅によって著しく影響を受けた主要な海洋群でした.
- 絶滅後の回復パターンを理解することは,進化の回復力を理解するために極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- パルム・トライアスク境界 (PTB) を越えたアンモノイド頭足類の多様性ダイナミクスを分析する.
- トライアス初期におけるアンモノイドの回復パターンと多様化モデルを調査する.
- アムモノイドの回復を他の海洋分類の回復と比較する.
主な方法:
- PTBを中心に,約1億6千万年をカバーする世界的なアンモノイド属の多様性データセットの収集と分析.
- 多様化モデル (階層的対ロジスティック) とニッチインクンベンシー仮説を適用して,観察された多様性のパターンを説明する.
- アンモノイドの回復率と他のベンティック海洋群の回復率の比較分析.
主要な成果:
- トリアス期のアンモノイドは,PTBから200万年以内に,ペルミア期のレベルよりも高い多様性のレベルを達成しました.
- 多様化パターンは,物流モデルではなく,階層的なモデルとニッチな地位を支えた.
- この急速なアンモノイドの回復は,バイバル類やガストロポッドなどのベンティック群で観察された遅れた回復と大きく対照的です.
結論:
- アムノイド頭足類は,ペルム紀末期の大量絶滅の後,異常に迅速で遅延しない多様化を示した.
- アムノイドの回復は,急速な再多様化を容易にしたユニークな生態学的または進化的特徴を示唆しています.
- これらの発見は,主要な絶滅のイベント後に海洋 taksa間の異なる回復率を強調しています.
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