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Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
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脊椎動物の神経系の制御,SRに関連するタンパク質による代替スプライシングと発達
John A Calarco1, Simone Superina, Dave O'Hanlon
1Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada.
Cell
|September 10, 2009
まとめ
研究者らは,新しいタンパク質,神経特異のSR関連タンパク質である100 kDa (nSR100) を発見し,それは脳の発達に不可欠である. このタンパク質は,脊椎動物の複雑な神経系を作るのに不可欠なプロセスである代替スプライシングを調節する.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- 代替スプライシングは,特に哺乳類の神経系において,タンパク質の複雑性を駆動する.
- 神経系特異的な代替スプライシングを制御するメカニズムは,ほとんど不明のままです.
研究 の 目的:
- 神経特異的な代替スプライシングの新たなレギュレータを特定する.
- 脊椎動物の神経系におけるこれらの調節体の機能と進化的意義を解明する.
主な方法:
- ゲノム全体の計算と表現プロファイリングの戦略が採用されました.
- Ser/Arg (SR) リピートスプライシング因子の識別と特徴付け,nSR100.
- nSR100の破壊の影響を評価するために,細胞培養とゼブラフィッシュモデルでの機能研究.
主要な成果:
- 新しい神経特異的なSR重複スプライシング因子,nSR100が特定されました.
- nSR100は,神経分化に関与する遺伝子の脳特異的な代替エクソンネットワークを調節する.
- nSR100は,ポリピリミジン経路結合タンパク質のレベルに影響を与え,ターゲットトランスクリプトと相互作用します.
- nSR100の破壊は,神経細胞の微分化を阻害する in vitro と in vivo.
結論:
- nSR100は,神経特異的な代替スプライシングの重要なレギュレータです.
- nSR100の進化は,脊椎動物の神経系の機能的複雑さに寄与しています.
- nSR100は神経細胞の分化に重要な役割を果たします.
関連する概念動画
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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
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What is Gene Expression?
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...

