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Measurement of Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster
Published on: January 7, 2013
若者の死亡率の世界的なパターン:人口保健データの体系的な分析
George C Patton1, Carolyn Coffey, Susan M Sawyer
1Centre for Adolescent Health and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. george.patton@rch.org.au
Lancet (London, England)
|September 15, 2009
まとめ
世界中で,交通事故,暴力,自殺などの負傷が,10歳から24歳の若者の死亡の40%以上の原因となっている. HIV/AIDSと妊産婦死亡率に焦点を当てた現在の青少年保健政策は,この怪我の負担に対処するのに不十分です.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 青少年の健康について
背景:
- 青春期と若年期は,健康に重大な変化を起こす時期です.
- これらの人生の段階における世界的な死亡パターンは,十分に研究されていない.
- この研究は,青春期前期と若年期における世界的な死亡傾向を分析しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 10歳から24歳までの個人の世界的な死亡率と死亡パターンを調査する.
- この年齢層における異なる地域,所得水準,性別における主要な死因を特定する.
- 死亡率の主要な要因を強調することによって,青少年保健政策を啓発する.
主な方法:
- 2004年世界疾病負担調査と2006年世界保健報告書の死亡率の推定値から得られたデータを活用した.
- ヒト免疫不全ウイルス/獲得免疫不全症候群 (HIV/AIDS),戦争,自然災害による死亡率の調整データ.
- 10~14歳,15~19歳,20~24歳の年齢層の死亡率をWHO地域,所得状況,原因別で分析し,生計登録,サンプル登録,口頭解剖,疾病監視データを用いた.
主要な成果:
- 2004年には,10歳から24歳までの年齢層で260万人が死亡し,そのほとんどが低・中所得国 (97%) であった.
- 死亡率は,若年期から若年期まで大幅に増加し,地域や性別によって異なる.
- 主な死因には,交通事故 (14%の男性死亡),暴力 (12%の男性死亡),自殺 (6%の全死亡),妊産婦の死亡 (15%の女性死亡),HIV/AIDS,結核などがある.
結論:
- 現在,HIV/AIDSと妊産婦死亡率に焦点を当てた,世界の青少年保健の優先順位は不十分である.
- この年齢層の死亡者5人中2人以上が,意図的および非意図的な怪我によるものです.
- 青少年保健政策は,負傷による死亡率を効果的に予防するために,その範囲を拡大する必要があります.
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