海洋におけるダイアトーム生物地理学の制御
Pedro Cermeño1, Paul G Falkowski
1Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. pedro@uvigo.es
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 19, 2009
まとめ
海洋ダイアトムは,顕微鏡の藻類であり,世界の海を越えて散布によって制限されていません. この発見は,微生物の生物多様性がより大きな生物と大きく異なることを示唆し,従来の生物地理学的モデルに挑戦しています.
科学分野:
- マリン・マイクロバイオロジー
- パレオセアノグラフィー
- バイオジオグラフィー バイオジオグラフィー
背景:
- 微生物の空間的分布を理解することは,海洋生態学にとって極めて重要です.
- 環境選択と分散制限の区別は,環境の変動性のために困難です.
- 海洋プランクトン微生物は,海洋生態系において重要な役割を果たしています.
研究 の 目的:
- 海洋プランクトン微生物の分布に関する生物地理学的制御を調査する.
- 分散または局所的な環境要因が主に微生物集団を形作っているかどうかを判断する.
- 地質学的時間尺度における海洋藻類の生物多様性における分散制限の役割を評価する.
主な方法:
- グローバルな海洋堆積物からの化石ダイアトムのアセンブリの分析.
- 過去150万年の環境条件の古海洋学的な再構築.
- 分散と選択パターンを区別するための統計分析.
主要な成果:
- 化石ダイアトムの集積は,世界海洋にわたる分散制限の証拠を示さない.
- 海洋ダイアトムは,地理的な障壁にかかわらず,広範囲にわたる分布パターンを表しています.
- 環境選択は,これまで考えられていたよりも,ダイオトームの支配的な要因が少ないようです.
結論:
- 海洋ダイアトムは世界中に分散しており,効率的な分散メカニズムを示しています.
- 微生物生物地理学は,マクロスコーピック種の生物地理学とは異なる原理で動作することがあります.
- 地理的な孤立は,海洋ダイアトームの種化の主な要因ではありません.
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