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Ardipithecus ramidusの骨盤と股関節:まっすぐに歩くことの出現
C Owen Lovejoy1, Gen Suwa, Linda Spurlock
1Department of Anthropology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA. olovejoy@aol.com
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 8, 2009
まとめ
Ardipithecus ramidusは,原始的な二足歩行と樹木の適応を示した. そのユニークな骨盤と脊椎の特徴は,初期のヒト類の運動が,チンパンジーの祖先から逸脱した直後に進化したことを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 古人類学は,古人類学である.
- 霊長類の解剖学について
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- 初期のヒト類における二足の進化は,重要な研究分野である.
- Ardipithecus ramidusの動きを理解することは,人間の進化の初期段階についての洞察を提供します.
- 化石ヒト類と現存する霊長類の比較解剖学は,祖先の行動を再構築するために重要である.
研究 の 目的:
- Ardipithecus ramidusの骨格の特徴,特に股関節と骨盤を分析するために.
- Ardipithecus ramidusの運動能力を決定し,双脚運動と樹上運動を含む.
- Ardipithecus ramidusの適応を他の化石と現存する類人猿とヒト類の適応と比較する.
主な方法:
- Ardipithecus ramidusの股関節と骨盤の比較解剖分析. アルディピテクス・ラミドゥスの股関節と骨盤の比較解剖分析. アルディピテクス・ラミドゥスの股関節と骨盤の比較分析.
- イリウム形態学,サクロイリアック関節の位置,脊椎の曲線などの重要な特徴の検査.
- 猿の骨格データ,初期・中期・後期ミオセンの類人猿,アフリカの類人猿,後のヒト類との比較.
主要な成果:
- Ardipithecus ramidusは,直立の二足歩行と木上移動の両方の特徴のモザイクを持っていた.
- Ardipithecus ramidusのイリウムは,後期の類人猿やヒト類に似たような,後部に位置するサクロイリアック関節で中側から拡大していた.
- Ardipithecus ramidusの双足は,頭蓋骨尾の縮小したイリウムと,現存する類人猿とは異なる,強化された腰部ロード症によって特徴付けられました.
結論:
- Ardipithecus ramidusの双足は,Australopithecusよりも原始的であった.
- 二足の特異な適応は,チンパンジーとの最後の共通の祖先からの分岐直後に進化した可能性が高い.
- この二足の初期適応は,現在のアフリカ類人猿の特殊な運動と機能的にほとんど関係がない.
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