関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 19, 2026

11:41
Mapping Mammalian 3D Genome Interactions with Micro-C-XL
Published on: November 3, 2023
長期的な相互作用の包括的なマッピングは,ヒトゲノムの折り畳み原理を明らかにしています
Erez Lieberman-Aiden1, Nynke L van Berkum, Louise Williams
1Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), MA 02139, USA.
まとめ
Hi-C技術は,三次元ゲノムアーキテクチャを明らかにし,オープンとクローズドクロマチンの異なるコンパートメントを識別します. この空間的組織はフラクタル・グローブルに似ており,効率的なゲノム包装とアクセシビリティを可能にします.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクスと分子生物学
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
- コンピュータ生物学 コンピュータ生物学
背景:
- 3次元 (3D) ゲノム構造を理解することは,遺伝子調節と機能の解読に不可欠です.
- 球状均衡モデルのような以前のモデルは,洞察を提供したが,ダイナミックなゲノム折り畳みを完全に捉えることができなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- 3Dゲノムアーキテクチャをマッピングするための新しい方法であるHi-Cを紹介します.
- ヒトゲノムのメガベーススケールでのゲノム組織を調査する.
- 染色体の状態と空間的組織との関係を特徴づける.
主な方法:
- Hi-Cを開発し,適用した. 近接ベースの結合と大規模な並列配列を組み合わせる技術である.
- 1メガベース解像度でヒトゲノムの空間的近接マップを構成した.
主要な成果:
- 染色体領域の存在と遺伝子に富んだ染色体の近接性を確認した.
- オープンクロマチンの空間的分離と閉じたクロマチンの空間的分離に対応する2つのゲノム全体のコンパートメントを特定しました.
- メガベーススケールの染色体構成が,球体均衡モデルとは異なるフラクタルグローブルモデルと一致することを観察した.
結論:
- Hi-Cは,ダイナミックな全ゲノム構成をマッピングするための強力なツールです.
- フラクタル・グローブルモデルは,大規模なゲノム組織のよりよい記述を提供し,密度の高い詰め込みとアクセシビリティを可能にします.
- クロマチンの空間的分離はゲノム構造の重要な特徴である.
関連する概念動画
Protein Folding
Overview
Protein Folding
Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Upon synthesis, a protein folds into a three-dimensional conformation, critical to its biological function. Interactions between its constituent amino acids guide protein folding, and hence the protein structure is primarily dependent on its amino acid sequence.
Protein Structure Is Critical to Its Biological Function
Proteins perform a wide range of biological functions such as catalyzing chemical reactions, providing...
Protein Structure Is Critical to Its Biological Function
Proteins perform a wide range of biological functions such as catalyzing chemical reactions, providing...
Protein Folding
Overview
The Nucleosome
Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
Conserved Binding Sites
Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...
The DNA Helix
Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...

