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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview01:24

The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview

Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific requirements are not imposed on the...
Unit Cells01:18

Unit Cells

A crystal's internal structure is an orderly array of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the details of this array significantly influence the solid's properties. In a crystal, periodically repeating 'structural motifs' - which could be atoms, molecules, or groups thereof - create a 'space lattice.' This is essentially a three-dimensional, infinite array of points, each surrounded by its neighbors in an identical way, forming the basic structure of the crystal.A 'unit cell' is a theoretical...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles
08:39

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles

Published on: October 16, 2017

自己組み立てバイナリナノ粒子の超格子における準結晶の秩序.

Dmitri V Talapin1, Elena V Shevchenko, Maryna I Bodnarchuk

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. dvtalapin@uchicago.edu

Nature
|October 16, 2009
PubMed
まとめ

コロイドの無機ナノ粒子は,二進の非周期的超網状に自己組み立てられ,十二角形の準結晶の秩序を形成します. この発見により,準結晶の形成は,一般的な球体詰め込み現象であり,ユニークな相互作用を必要としないことが明らかになった.

科学分野:

  • 材料科学 材料科学とは
  • クリスタログラフィーです.
  • ナノテクノロジー ナノテクノロジー

背景:

  • 1984年に発見された準結晶は,秩序のある固体を周期的構造であるとする伝統的な見解に異議を唱えた.
  • 変換対称性なしに長距離の秩序を示し,12倍回転など,古典結晶学で禁じられた対称性を許します.
  • 準結晶の秩序は,金属間化合物,軟質,およびレーザーで配置されたコロイド球体で観察されています.

研究 の 目的:

  • koloidal inorganic nanoparticlesの自己組み立てを二次無周期超格子に示すために.
  • 様々なバイナリナノ粒子系における準結晶秩序の形成を調査する.
  • ナノ粒子の準結晶形成とその結晶構造との接点を支配する根本的な原理を探求する.

主な方法:

  • 鉄酸化物 (Fe ((2) O ((3),Fe ((3) O ((4)),貴金属 (Au, Pd) など,鉛硫化物 (PbS) のナノ結晶とともに,二重ナノ粒子システムを利用しました.
  • これらのナノ粒子の自己組み立てをオーダーされた超格子に観察しました.
  • その結果得られた構造を準結晶の順序,特に十二角対称性について分析した.

主要な成果:

  • 多重バイナリナノ粒子系における十二角四晶体の形成を成功裏に実証した.

さらに関連する動画

A Technique to Functionalize and Self-assemble Macroscopic Nanoparticle-ligand Monolayer Films onto Template-free Substrates
08:09

A Technique to Functionalize and Self-assemble Macroscopic Nanoparticle-ligand Monolayer Films onto Template-free Substrates

Published on: May 9, 2014

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles
08:39

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles

Published on: October 16, 2017

A Technique to Functionalize and Self-assemble Macroscopic Nanoparticle-ligand Monolayer Films onto Template-free Substrates
08:09

A Technique to Functionalize and Self-assemble Macroscopic Nanoparticle-ligand Monolayer Films onto Template-free Substrates

Published on: May 9, 2014

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

  • 構成の柔軟性を示し,準結晶形成は,エントロピーと粒子間のポテンシャルによって支配される一般的な球包現象であることを示した.
  • これらの準結晶超網は,通常の結晶バイナリ超網と低欠陥インターフェースを形成することが観察されました.

    • 結論:

    • コロイドの無機ナノ粒子は,バイナリ準結晶の超網状に自己組み立てることができる.
    • ナノ粒子の準結晶の形成は,エントロピーと単純な粒子間のポテンシャルによって駆動される一般的な球体詰め込み現象です.
    • 準結晶ナノ粒子アセンブリは,結晶構造と統合することができ,新しい材料設計の可能性を示唆します.