読み書きのための解剖学的なサイン
Manuel Carreiras1, Mohamed L Seghier, Silvia Baquero
1Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain [2] IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48011, Spain. m.carreiras@bcbl.eu
Nature
|October 16, 2009
まとめ
大人になって読むことを学ぶことは,子供の頃の言語習得とは異なり,脳を再構成します. この研究は,大人の識字率に関連した,大 Callosum体や角回転などの領域の構造的変化を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- コグニティブ・サイエンス コグニティブ・サイエンス
- 言語学 言語学とは
背景:
- 言語の習得は人間に生まれつきあるものですが,読書は学習するスキルです.
- 子どもの読書による脳の変化を研究することは,発達要因によって複雑です.
- 後年になって読むことを学ぶ大人は,識字が神経に与える影響について,ユニークな窓を開くことができます.
研究 の 目的:
- 大人として読むことを学ぶことに関連した脳の構造的な変化を調査する.
- 大人の新識字者 (後期識字者) と文盲者の脳の構造を比較する.
- 初期の識字者における読書の神経メカニズムを探求する.
主な方法:
- 構造的な脳スキャン (MRI) は,読み書きの遅い成人とマッチングされた文盲の間で比較されました.
- 脳領域と白質の整合性を分析した.
- オブジェクトの命名と対比して読書中の機能的な接続性は,初期の識字者の間で評価されました.
主要な成果:
- 後期識字者は,体 (corpus callosum splenium) の白質の増加を示した.
- 後期識字者は,双方の角,背中頭,中側側頭,左側上側頭,上側側頭回転において,より多くの灰色質を示した.
- 読書は,特定の神経経路を活性化し,初期の識字者における機能的接続性を調節した.
結論:
- 成人の識字能力の習得は,脳の明確な構造的変化につながります.
- 特定の脳領域とその相互接続は,熟練した読書に不可欠です.
- この研究は,読書の神経動態を明らかにし,上から下の調節を強調しています.
関連する概念動画
Anatomy of the Circulatory System
89.0K
The human circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, around the body, and back to the heart, and the heart itself, which acts as a central pump. The systemic circuit supplies blood to the whole body, the coronary circuit supplies blood to the heart, and the pulmonary circuit supplies blood flow between the heart and lungs.
89.0K
Anatomical Terminology
22.3K
Knowledge of anatomy is essential to understand human biology and medicine. Anatomists and health care professionals use standard terminology to describe the human body with more precision and no ambiguity. Anatomical terms have mostly Greek and Latin-derived roots. Because these languages are rarely used in conversation, the meaning of words remains the same. Each term is made up of a root in between the prefixes and suffixes. The root of a term often refers to an organ, tissue, or condition,...
22.3K
Anatomical Positions
16.5K
In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
16.5K
Bone Markings
8.9K
Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
8.9K
Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy
5.7K
The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
5.7K
Anatomy of Blood Vessels
4.5K
The vascular system, an integral part of the circulatory system, comprises various blood vessels that play crucial roles in maintaining the body's homeostasis. These blood vessels form a complex and efficient circulatory network. The three primary categories of blood vessels are the arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Arteries
Arteries circulate oxygenated blood from the heart, except the pulmonary artery, which transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Large arteries, such as the aorta,...
Arteries
Arteries circulate oxygenated blood from the heart, except the pulmonary artery, which transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Large arteries, such as the aorta,...
4.5K


