細分された糸状細菌によって腸のTh17細胞を誘導する
Ivaylo I Ivanov1, Koji Atarashi, Nicolas Manel
1Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Cell
|October 20, 2009
まとめ
腸内のセグメンテッド・フィラメント菌 (SFB) は,Tヘルパー17 (Th17) 細胞を誘導し,免疫防御を強化する. この発見は,粘膜の免疫を改善し,自己免疫疾患の治療に潜在的可能性を秘めている.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 胃腸内科 胃腸内科
背景:
- 哺乳類の胃腸道には,相互関係にある多数の共生微生物が宿っている.
- ホストの免疫システムに対する共生微生物群の影響は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 単一の共生微生物であるセグメンテッドフィラメント菌 (SFB) が宿主の免疫系にどのように影響するか調査する.
- 特定のTヘルパー細胞集団とその機能の発達におけるSFBの役割を決定する.
主な方法:
- マウスの小腸をSFBでコロニー化する.
- ラミナプロピアにおけるTヘルパー細胞集団 (特にTh17細胞) の分析.
- 炎症と抗微生物防御に関連する遺伝子発現分析.
- 病原体Citrobacter rodentiumに対する耐性の評価.
主要な成果:
- SFBのコロニー化は,CD4 (((+) Tヘルパー細胞を誘導し,ラミナプロピアでIL-17とIL-22 (Th17細胞) を生成した.
- SFBは,Th17細胞を持つマウスの末端イレウム内の上皮細胞に付着した.
- SFBの植民地化は,炎症と抗微生物防御遺伝子の発現の増加と相関していた.
- SFBの植民地化は,Citrobacter rodentiumの感染に対する耐性を高めました.
結論:
- 単一の共生微生物であるSFBは,腸内のTh17細胞応答を十分に誘発することができます.
- SFB誘発Th17細胞は,粘膜免疫と病原菌に対する耐性を高めるのに寄与する.
- SFB媒介経路をターゲットにすることで,自己免疫疾患と粘膜免疫強化の治療戦略を提供することができます.
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