パッシブ・喫煙と心臓病. 疫学,生理学,そして生化学
1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0124.
Circulation
|January 1, 1991
まとめ
二手喫煙 (ETS) は,非喫煙者の心臓病のリスクを大幅に増加させ,肺がんと関連付けている証拠に似ています. この曝露は生理学的ダメージを引き起こし,被動喫煙は予防可能な主要な死因となっています.
科学分野:
- 環境衛生 環境衛生 環境衛生
- 心血管疾患の流行病学について
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景:
- 環境におけるたばこ煙 (ETS) は,健康な非喫煙者における肺がんの危険因子として知られています.
- 心臓病による死亡リスクの増加とETSを関連付ける証拠は,実質的で,肺がんに関する以前の発見と比較できます.
- パッシブ・喫煙は,米国における重要な,予防可能な死因です.
研究 の 目的:
- 環境におけるたばこ煙 (ETS) が非喫煙者における心臓病による死亡リスクを増加させるという証拠を評価する.
- ETSと心血管疾患の因果関係を裏付ける疫学,生理,生化学データを提示する.
- 喫煙者と比較して非喫煙者におけるETSの不均衡なリスクを強調する.
主な方法:
- 非喫煙者におけるETS曝露と不全性心疾患または心筋梗塞のリスクに関する10件の疫学研究のレビュー.
- ETSが心血管系に悪影響を及ぼすことを示す生理学的および生化学的データの分析.
- ETSコンポーネントに関連する動物実験と細胞呼吸の研究の検討.
主要な成果:
- ETSに曝露した非喫煙者は,心不全性疾患または心筋梗塞で死亡するリスクが30%増加します.
- ドス・レスポンス関係が存在し,高いETS曝露は,より高い心臓病死亡リスクと相関しています.
- ETSは血小板機能に悪影響を及ぼし,動脈内皮を損傷し,酸素利用を阻害し,動脈硬化症の発症を加速します.
結論:
- 環境におけるたばこ煙 (ETS) は,非喫煙者における心臓病の直接的な原因である.
- 非喫煙者は,喫煙者よりもETSの心血管への影響に敏感です.
- ETSによって引き起こされる心臓病は,かなりの数の死者を占め,受動喫煙を主要な公衆衛生上の懸念事項にしています.
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