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量子重力の影響から生じる光の速度の変化の限界
A A Abdo1, M Ackermann, M Ajello
1Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, USA.
Nature
|October 30, 2009
まとめ
この研究では,光の速度がエネルギーによって変化する証拠は見つかりませんでしたので,ローレンツ不変性の潜在的違反に対する下限を設定しました. これらの発見は,プランクスケールでのこのような変動を予測する量子重力理論に挑戦しています.
科学分野:
- 理論物理学の理論物理学
- 天体物理学 天体物理学
- 量子重力 量子重力とは
背景:
- 特殊相対性理論の重要な原理であるローレンツの不変性は,すべての観測者にとって光の速度は一定であると述べています.
- 量子力学は,時空がプランクスケールでは異なる振る舞いをする可能性があり,ローレンツ不変性を潜在的に侵害することを示唆しています.
- エネルギーによる光子速度の変動は,ローレンツ不変性の分解を示唆する可能性がある.
研究 の 目的:
- エネルギー依存の光子の速度を探してローレンツ不変性の違反をテストする.
- プランクスケールで時空の修正を予測する量子重力理論を制約する.
主な方法:
- 遠くのガンマ線爆発 (GRB 090510) から高エネルギーガンマ線放射 (31 GeVまで) を観測した.
- GRBの光の曲線における時間遅延の鋭い特徴を分析し,エネルギーに依存する光子の速度を示す.
- 観測された遅延の欠如に基づいて,潜在的なローレンツ不変性違反のスケールの限界を設定します.
主要な成果:
- エネルギーによる光子速度の変動の証拠は検出されなかった.
- 1.2E (プランク) の下限は,ローレンツ不変性違反の線形エネルギー依存のスケールに置かれました.
- このような効果の長さスケールの上限はl ((Planck) /1.2と定められた.
結論:
- この結果は,時空の量子性質が線形的に光の速度を小さなスケールで変化させる量子重力理論を否定している.
- この研究は,プランクスケールに近いローレンツ不変性違反を予測する理論に厳格な制約を与える.
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