人体生息地における細菌コミュニティの多様性は,空間と時間を超えて変化する
Elizabeth K Costello1, Christian L Lauber, Micah Hamady
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 7, 2009
まとめ
人体とは,人間の体である.
科学分野:
- 人間の微生物群の研究
- バクテリアコミュニティの生物地理学
- ホストと微生物の相互作用
背景:
- 人間の微生物群を理解することは,病気に関連した微生物のシフトを特定するために不可欠です.
- 健康な微生物のベースラインを確立するには,空間と時間の分布に関する知識が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 健康な成人の身体の様々な部位に広がるバクテリアコミュニティの空間的・時間的動態を包括的にマッピングする.
- 人間の微生物群の構成と多様性の主要な要因を決定する.
主な方法:
- 7~9人の健康な成人の体内の27箇所から4つの時間帯で細菌を調査した.
- 地域と時間の分布パターンを理解するために,コミュニティの構成を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 身体の生息地は,バクテリアコミュニティの組成の主要な決定因子でした.
- ハイパーソナル・ヴァイアビリティは,ハビタート内で高く,個体内でのタイム・ヴァイアビリティは最小であった.
- 特定の皮膚部位は,腸や口腔よりもバクテリアの多様性が高かった.
結論:
- 人間の微生物群は,個性化されているが,身体の生息地や時間における系統的な変化を示している.
- これらの系統的な傾向は,微生物群の変化が病気にどのように貢献するか,または病気からどのように保護するのかを調査するための基盤を提供します.
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