フランスにおける退職前後の自己評価の健康 (GAZEL):コホート研究
Hugo Westerlund1, Mika Kivimäki, Archana Singh-Manoux
1Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. hugo.westerlund@stress.su.se
Lancet (London, England)
|November 10, 2009
まとめ
退職は,ほとんどの高齢者の自己認識の健康状態を大幅に改善し,病気の負担を軽減します. 高齢者にとって,労働市場への継続的な参加を奨励するために,職場環境の再設計は極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- 職業衛生は,健康に関するものです.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 人口の高齢化により,先進国における高齢者の労働市場への参加が増加することが必要となる.
- 労働と退職が高齢労働者の自己認識の健康に与える長期的影響を調査した.
研究 の 目的:
- 自己評価の健康経路が,仕事と退職によってどのように影響されているかを調べる.
- 大規模なコホートで退職前と後の7年までの健康の変化を分析する.
主な方法:
- GAZELコホート (1989年~2007年) の14,714人の従業員を対象とした長期的研究.
- 自己評価の健康の年次測定は,一般化された推定方程式による繰り返し測定のロジスティック回帰を用いて分析された.
主要な成果:
- サブオプティマルの健康状態は,一般的に年齢とともに増加したが,退職後に著しく減少した (19.2%から14.3%).
- この健康の改善は,性別や職業階級を問わず観察され,退職後の7年間持続しました.
- 劣悪な労働環境と退職前の健康問題は,理想的な労働条件の労働者を除いて,退職後のより大きな健康改善と相関しています.
結論:
- 退職は,理想的な労働条件を備えた労働者を除いて,ほとんどの労働者にとって,認知された健康問題を実質的に軽減します.
- 年配の従業員の労働条件は,より高い労働市場参加率をサポートするために再設計する必要があります.
- 調査結果は,高齢者の労働生活を改善するための政策介入の必要性を強調しています.
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