マイクロクワザールCygnus X-3の極限粒子加速
M Tavani1, A Bulgarelli, G Piano
1INAF-IASF Roma, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy. pi.agile@iasf-roma.inaf.it
Nature
|November 26, 2009
まとめ
天文学者はマイクロクワザールCygnus X-3からの高エネルギーガンマ線フレアを検出し,これらのシステムにおける粒子加速の証拠を提供した. この発見は,マイクロクワザールにおけるエネルギージェット形成の背後にあるメカニズムを説明するのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- 天体物理学 天体物理学
- 高エネルギー天体物理学
- X線天文学X線天文学とは
背景:
- マイクロクワサール,銀河のバイナリ系は相対論ジェットとラジオフレアを生成する.
- マイクロクワザールにおけるギガ電子ボルト粒子加速の証拠はほとんどなく,ジェットエネルギー化のメカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- マイクロクワザールCygnus X-3からのガンマ線放射を調査する.
- マイクロクワザールにおけるガンマ線フレア,スペクトル状態,ジェット噴射の関係を探求する.
主な方法:
- Cygnus X-3から100 MeV以上のガンマ線フレアの観測.
- ガンマ線フレアとラジオ/X線放射状態の間の時間的な相関の分析.
主要な成果:
- Cygnus X-3から4つのガンマ線フレアが検出されました.
- ガンマ線フレアと移行スペクトル状態の間の時間的な相関が発見されました.
- 粒子加速は2つの例でラジオジェット放出に先行し,ジェット形成中にエネルギー粒子生成を示しています.
結論:
- マイクロクワザールは粒子を非常に高いエネルギーに加速させることができ,静止状態の何千倍ものエネルギーに加速します.
- この研究は,マイクロクワザールにおけるギガ電子ボルト粒子加速の体系的な証拠を提供する.
- マイクロクワザールにおけるジェット形成は,高エネルギー粒子の生成と関連しています.
関連する概念動画
03:20Nuclear Transmutation
12.9K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
12.9K
01:30Average Acceleration
12.6K
The importance of understanding acceleration spans our day-to-day experiences, as well as the vast reaches of outer space and the tiny world of subatomic physics. In everyday conversation, to accelerate means to speed up. For instance, we are familiar with the acceleration of our car; the harder we apply our foot to the gas pedal, the faster we accelerate. The greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Acceleration is widely seen in experimental physics. In...
12.6K
01:03Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - II
2.0K
A rocket's velocity in the presence of a gravitational field is decreased by the amount of force exerted by Earth's gravitational field, which opposes the motion of the rocket. If we consider thrust, that is, the force exerted on a rocket by the exhaust gases, then a rocket's thrust is greater in outer space than in the atmosphere or on a launch pad. In fact, gases are easier to expel in a vacuum.
A rocket's acceleration depends on three major factors, consistent with the...
A rocket's acceleration depends on three major factors, consistent with the...
2.0K
01:21Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon
2.2K
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
2.2K
01:22Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field
6.5K
A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. Consider the field to be uniform and the charged particle to move perpendicular to it. If the field is in a vacuum, the magnetic field is the dominant factor determining the motion. Since the magnetic force is perpendicular to the direction of motion, a charged particle follows a curved path. The particle continues to follow this curved path until it forms a complete circle. Another way to look at this is that the...
6.5K
01:20Momentum And Radiation Pressure
1.8K
An object absorbing an electromagnetic wave would experience a force in the direction of propagation of the wave. This force occurs because electromagnetic waves contain and transport momentum. The force accounts for the wave's radiation pressure exerted on the object. Maxwell's prediction was confirmed in 1903 by Nichols and Hull by precisely measuring radiation pressures with a torsion balance. The measuring instrument had mirrors suspended from a fiber kept inside a glass container.
1.8K