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関連する概念動画

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
Epistasis Analysis01:09

Epistasis Analysis

Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
Genetic Material01:20

Genetic Material

Within the human body, a complex and detailed system of trillions of cells works in unison to sustain life. Each cell houses a nucleus, which contains 46 chromosomes divided into 23 pairs. Chromosomes are highly coiled structures made of the genetic material DNA. These chromosomes are essential carriers of genetic information, with half inherited from the mother through her egg and the other half from the father's sperm, combining to create the unique genetic makeup of an individual.
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles, which...
Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 12, 2026

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)
05:55

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Published on: June 16, 2018

B73トウモロコシのゲノム:複雑さ,多様性,動態

Patrick S Schnable1, Doreen Ware, Robert S Fulton

  • 1Center for Plant Genomics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 8, 2009
PubMed
まとめ

研究者たちは,トウモロコシのゲノムを配列化し,3万2000以上の遺伝子と,その構造と進化における移植可能な要素の重要な役割を明らかにしました. この改良されたゲノム配列は,トウモロコシの家畜化と農業の進歩についての洞察を提供します.

さらに関連する動画

Discrimintion and Mapping of the Primary and Processed Transcripts in Maize Mitochondrion Using a Circular RT-PCR-based Strategy
07:26

Discrimintion and Mapping of the Primary and Processed Transcripts in Maize Mitochondrion Using a Circular RT-PCR-based Strategy

Published on: July 29, 2019

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
10:28

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)
05:55

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Published on: June 16, 2018

Discrimintion and Mapping of the Primary and Processed Transcripts in Maize Mitochondrion Using a Circular RT-PCR-based Strategy
07:26

Discrimintion and Mapping of the Primary and Processed Transcripts in Maize Mitochondrion Using a Circular RT-PCR-based Strategy

Published on: July 29, 2019

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
10:28

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

科学分野:

  • ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
  • 植物生物学 植物生物学
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

  • トウモロコシ (Zea mays) は,重要な作物であり,植物研究のためのモデル生物です.
  • その大きなゲノムを理解することは,農業の改善に不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • トウモロコシゲノムの改良された核酸塩基配列の草案を提示する.
  • ゲノム構造を分析し,遺伝子内容と移植可能な要素を含む.
  • ゲノム特性のセントロメア構造とプロイディに対する影響を調査する.

主な方法:

  • トウモロコシゲノムの高通量シーケンシングとアセンブリ.
  • 遺伝子予測とアノテーション.
  • 転置可能な元素,セントロメア,コピー番号の変異の分析.

主要な成果:

  • 改良された2.3ギガベースのトウモロコシゲノム配列で,3万2000以上の遺伝子が予測され,99.8%が染色体にマッピングされています.
  • 移植可能な要素はゲノムの約85%を占め,遺伝子の断片とセントロメア特性に影響を与えます.
  • メチル化,トランポゾン挿入,再結合,複製数変異の間の相関が特定されました.

結論:

  • この研究は,トウモロコシに関する包括的なゲノム情報源を提供します.
  • 移植可能な要素は,トウモロコシのゲノムとその進化を形作る上で重要な役割を果たします.
  • 発見は,トウモロコシの家畜化と繁殖に関する将来の研究のための基盤を提供します.