ハイドロゲナーゼから,H2の生産と吸収のための貴金属のない触媒ナノ材料まで
Alan Le Goff1, Vincent Artero, Bruno Jousselme
1Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay, Service de Physique et Chimie des Surfaces et Interfaces, Chemistry of Surfaces and Interfaces group, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France.
まとめ
研究者は,再生可能燃料電池における効率的で安定した水-水素変換のための酵素を模倣した新しいニッケル触媒を開発しました. この進歩は,再生可能エネルギー貯蔵のためのプラチナの費用対効果の高い代替案を提供します.
科学分野:
- 電気化学 電気化学について
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 再生可能エネルギーの再生可能エネルギー
背景:
- ユニタイズされた再生燃料電池 (URFC) は,断続的な太陽光発電と風力発電のバランスをとって,エネルギー貯蔵の鍵です.
- URFCの経済的な実行可能性は,高価なプラチナ触媒を豊富な低コストの代替品に置き換えることを必要とします.
- プロトン交換膜 (PEM) 技術は,強い酸性条件下で安定した触媒を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- URFCにおける水素の進化と酸化のための費用対効果が高く,高度に活性な触媒を開発する.
- 地球に豊富に存在する元素を用いて,PEM技術のための安定したカトド材料を作成する.
- ハイドロゲネーゼ酵素の活性部位を模倣して,触媒性能を向上させる.
主な方法:
- ニッケルビスディフォスフィン複合体の共性結合により,多壁カーボンナノチューブ (MWCNTs) に結合する.
- 高表面積のカトド材料の製造.
- 強い酸性 (硫酸) の条件下での電気化学試験.
主要な成果:
- ニッケル基の触媒は,非常に低い超電位 (20 mV) で水素進化のための高い活性を示した.
- 100万回を超える例外的な触媒の安定性が観察されました.
- 触媒は,水素酸化の効率が高く,ヒドロゲンアース基の材料と比較できる.
結論:
- MWCNTに固定されたニッケルビスディフォスフィンの模倣は,URFCのプラチナ触媒の有望で低コストの代替品を提供します.
- 開発された材料は,酸性PEM条件下での優れた触媒活性と安定性を示しています.
- この触媒の設計は,大規模な再生可能エネルギー貯蔵ソリューションの経済的実現性を向上させます.
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