偏見と,テストステロンが人間の交渉行動に及ぼす影響に関する真実
C Eisenegger1, M Naef, R Snozzi
1Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland. eisenegger@iew.uzh.ch
Nature
|December 10, 2009
まとめ
女性のテストステロン投与は,一般的な考えに反して,公平な交渉を大幅に増加させた. しかし,テストステロンを受けるという期待は不公平な行動につながり,ホルモンの効果よりも心理的な効果の力を強調しました.
科学分野:
- バイオソシオロジー バイオソシオロジー
- 心理学 心理学とは
- 神経内分泌学の神経内分泌学
背景:
- 社会的相互作用におけるテストステロンの役割は議論されており,動物の研究は攻撃性を示唆している.
- ヒトの研究では,テストステロンが反社会的または利己的な行動と結びついていることが多いが,この仮説には強い因果的証拠がない.
- 代替理論では,社会的な挑戦中にステータス関連の行動にテストステロンの関与が示唆されている.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトの社会的交渉行動に対するテストステロンの因果関係を調査する.
- テストステロンの機能の"攻撃性仮説"と"地位/社会的相互作用仮説"を区別する.
- 交渉の公平性に対するテストステロン投与の影響を調べる.
主な方法:
- 女性にテストステロンの単回投与またはプラセボの言語下投与.
- 参加者がテストステロンまたはプラセボを受け取ったと信じる欺瞞要素の含有.
- 交渉ゲームを使用して,社会的相互作用の公平性と効率性を測定する.
主要な成果:
- テストステロン投与は,公正な交渉の申し出を大幅に増加させ,紛争を軽減し,社会的相互作用の効率性を高めました.
- テストステロンを受けたと信じていた参加者 (実際の投与に関係なく) は,交渉の際の公平性が著しく低下した.
- ホルモンそのものではなく,テストステロンに関する信念が不公平と関連しており",民俗的仮説"と矛盾している.
結論:
- テストステロン投与は,女性の公正な交渉と効率的な社会的相互作用を促進します.
- 信念によって誘発されるテストステロンの知覚された効果は,実際のホルモンの影響を覆い,不公平につながる可能性があります.
- 発見は,単純化された"テストステロンは侵略に等しい"という概念に異議を唱え,社会的課題を公平にナビゲートする役割を支持しています.
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