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関連する概念動画

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

3.3K
Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

5.4K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
27.2K
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

3.0K
The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
3.0K
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

4.7K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
4.7K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

2.1K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
2.1K

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Measuring the Confluence of iPSCs Using an Automated Imaging System
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Published on: June 10, 2020

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iPS セル:政策課題のマッピング

Amy Zarzeczny1, Christopher Scott, Insoo Hyun

  • 1Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H5, Canada.

Cell
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

誘発性多能幹細胞 (iPS) は大きな期待を寄せているが,その急速な進歩は,倫理的,法的,社会的意味合いについて慎重に検討する必要がある. このレビューでは,iPS細胞の調達,研究,および臨床応用におけるこれらの重要な問題を検討します.

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Mapping the Emergent Spatial Organization of Mammalian Cells using Micropatterns and Quantitative Imaging
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Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
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Mapping the Emergent Spatial Organization of Mammalian Cells using Micropatterns and Quantitative Imaging
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Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
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科学分野:

  • バイオメディカルサイエンス バイオメディカルサイエンス
  • 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
  • バイオエシック バイオエシック

背景:

  • 誘発性多能幹細胞 (iPS) は,胚性幹細胞のような状態に再プログラムされた体細胞から派生したものです.
  • iPS細胞研究の分野は指数関数的な成長を遂げ,重要な社会的疑問を提起しています.
  • 倫理・法律・社会問題 (ELSI) は,iPSセル技術の責任ある開発の不可欠な要素です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 誘発性多能幹細胞 (iPS) を取り巻く倫理的,法的,社会的問題を包括的に検討する.
  • iPS細胞生成のための出発材料の調達に関連する懸念に対処するために.
  • iPS細胞研究の影響と臨床実務への翻訳を検証する.

主な方法:

  • 科学出版物の文献レビューと倫理的/法的分析.
  • 主要な倫理的,法的,社会的課題を統合する.
  • iPS細胞生命周期に基づく問題の分類:調達,基礎研究,臨床翻訳.

主要な成果:

  • iPS生成のための細胞の調達は,同意と所有権の問題を提起します.
  • iPS細胞に関する基礎研究には,遺伝子改変と潜在的な誤用に関する考慮が含まれています.
  • 臨床翻訳は,安全性,有効性,規制,平等なアクセスに関連する障害に直面しています.

結論:

  • 多面的な倫理的,法的,社会的問題への対処は,iPS細胞技術の責任ある進歩にとって極めて重要です.
  • ステークホルダーとの積極的な関与は,iPS細胞の研究とアプリケーションの複雑さをナビゲートするために必要である.
  • 明確なガイドラインと政策を確立することで,iPS細胞治療の倫理的な翻訳が容易になります.