238U/235U 隕石の変異:現存する247CmとPb-Pb年代測定への影響
G A Brennecka1, S Weyer, M Wadhwa
1School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. brennecka@asu.edu
まとめ
隕石のウラン同位体比は恒定ではないため,太陽系年齢計算の正確性に問題がある. カルシウム・アルミニウムに富んだインクルージョンの多様性は,年代測定法によって年齢を何百万年も過大評価している可能性があることを示唆している.
科学分野:
- 宇宙化学 (コスモケミストリー)
- ジオクロノロジー (Geochronology) について
- 核天体物理学 核天体物理学とは
背景:
- ウラン238/ウラン235 (238U/235U) の同位体比は,隕石で一定であると仮定されています.
- この仮定は,太陽系の年齢を決定するための高精度の鉛-鉛年代測定を支えている.
研究 の 目的:
- 隕石材料における238U/235U同位体比の変動性を調査する.
- これらの変動が太陽系年代表に及ぼす影響を再評価する.
主な方法:
- アレンデ隕石からのカルシウム・アルミニウム豊富なインクルージョン (CAI) の分析.
- 238U/235Uの同位体比を測定する.
- キュリウム/ウラン (Th/U,Nd/U) のプロキシと,ウラン同位体変動の相関.
主要な成果:
- CAIにおける観測された変数238U/235U比は,137.409から137.885.85までの範囲にある.
- デッティングの不確実性のために,CAIの年齢を数百万年上回る潜在的過大評価を特定しました.
- 238U/235Uの変異をキュリウム-247 (247Cm) からウラン-235 (235U) の崩壊と結びつける強力な証拠がある.
結論:
- 初期の太陽系における最初の247Cm/235U比は,およそ1.1×10−4から2.4×10−4であった.
- 247Cmの崩壊は,初期の太陽系材料の238U/235U比に影響を与える重要な要因である.
- CAIのリード・リード・デッティングの再評価は必要である.
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