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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods
07:20

Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods

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単一のアゾピリジン超分子をオーダーされた配列でAu(111) で切り替える

Yongfeng Wang1, Xin Ge, Guillaume Schull

  • 1Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. yfwang@physik.uni-kiel.de

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 7, 2010
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,アゾピリジン分子を,金面の配列に並べ替えた. このプロセスは,単一の水素結合の断裂と再構成を含み,ナノスケールシステムにおける分子制御を実証しました.

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Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview

In the presence of an aqueous base and a halogen, primary amides can lose the carbonyl (as carbon dioxide) and undergo rearrangement to form primary amines. This reaction, called the Hofmann rearrangement, can produce primary amines (aryl and alkyl) in high yields without contamination by secondary and tertiary amines.
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Direct alkylation of ammonia produces polyalkylated amines, along with a quaternary ammonium salt. To exclusively prepare primary amines, the azide synthesis method can be used.
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
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Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Mechanism

The Hofmann and Curtius rearrangement reactions can be applied to synthesize primary amines from carboxylic acid derivatives such as amides and acyl azides. In the Hofmann rearrangement, a primary amide undergoes deprotonation in the presence of a base, followed by halogenation to generate an N-haloamide. A second proton abstraction produces a stabilized anionic species, which rearranges to an isocyanate intermediate via an alkyl group migration from the carbonyl carbon to the neighboring...