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Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
Published on: February 2, 2017
西アフリカにおける加速児童生存・発達プログラム: 遡及的評価
Jennifer Bryce1, Kate Gilroy, Gareth Jones
1Institute for International Programs, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Jbryce@jhsph.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|January 15, 2010
まとめ
子どもの生存と発達加速プログラム (ACSD) は,ベニンとマリでは他の地域と比較して,子供の死亡率を大幅に低下させませんでした. マラリアと肺炎に対する介入は効果的に実施されず,子供の生存率の改善を妨げました.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 小児の健康に関する小児保健
- 国際開発国際開発
背景:
- ユニセフの加速児童生存・発達 (ACSD) プログラムは,西アフリカの11カ国で子供の死亡率を25%削減することを目指しています.
- ACSDプログラムのインパクトを評価するために,ベニン,ガーナ,マリで遡及評価が行われました.
研究 の 目的:
- 子どもの死亡率を低減し,子どもの健康状態を改善するためのACSDプログラムの有効性を評価する.
- ACSDの焦点地区と比較地域における介入範囲,栄養状態,死亡率の変化を比較する.
主な方法:
- 人口統計と健康調査,複数の指標クラスター調査のデータを活用した.
- ACSDと比較区間の14のACSD介入,栄養状態 (発育不全,衰弱),および5歳未満の死亡率における変化を比較した.
- 大都市圏を分析から除外した.
主要な成果:
- ACSD地域における幼児死亡率の減少は,ベニンとマリの比較地域よりも統計的に大きくなかった.
- ガーナとマリのACSD地区では予防的介入の範囲が増加したが,ベニンはそうではなかった.
- 栄養状態の有意な改善は観察されなかったが,一般的な小児疾患に対する治療の範囲は,国や介入によって異なる.
結論:
- ACSDプログラムは,ベニンとマリでは,効果的な治療介入の加速が不十分であり,新生児死亡率と栄養不良に対処できなかったため,子供の生存率を加速しませんでした.
- 防虫剤で処理された網の備蓄不足は,プログラムの潜在的な影響を制限しました.
- 政策の変更と全国的なプログラム強化が同時進行しているため,加速効果を割り当てるのは困難でした.
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