核タンパク質をコードする配列の遺伝子解析によって明らかにされた節足類の関係
Jerome C Regier1, Jeffrey W Shultz, Andreas Zwick
1Center for Biosystems Research, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
Nature
|February 12, 2010
まとめ
この研究は,広範なDNAデータを用いて節足類の系統を解決し,昆虫 (Hexapoda) と甲殻類がパンクラスタセアで密接に関連していることを確認しました. また,最大の動物群の堅固な進化樹を確立し,長年にわたる議論を終わらせる.
科学分野:
- 動物学 動物学
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- フィロジェネティクス フィルジェネティクス
背景:
- 節足類の系統遺伝は,分子系統遺伝学の混合的な結果のために解決することが困難でした.
- 以前の分析では,限られた分類種や遺伝子を用いることが多く,不一致で弱々しく支持された結果が得られた.
- 節足類の進化史を理解することは,その古さ,多様性,生態学的意義を考えると極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- Arthropoda phylumについて,統計的に十分に支持された系統遺伝的枠組みを確立する.
- 主要な節足類群の間の進化的関係に関する長年の議論を解決する.
- "甲殻類"のモノフィリーと昆虫との関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- 概率,ベイジアン,およびパルシモニーメソッドを用いた系統遺伝分析.
- 62個の核タンパク質をコードする単複製遺伝子から41キロ塩基以上の配列DNA配列を分析した.
- すべての主要な系統を代表する75種の節足類が含まれており,タルディグラードとオニコフォランスのアウトグループも含まれています.
主要な成果:
- パンクルスタシア (Hexapoda plus Crustacea) とマンディブラータ (Myriapoda plus Pancrustacea) に強い支持がある.
- 3つの主要な現存する"甲殻類"の系統の識別: オリゴストラカ, ベリコルスタカ, クセノカリダ.
- XenocaridaはHexapodaの姉妹群として識別され",甲殻類"は単一フィレティック群ではないことを示しています.
結論:
- この研究は,節足類の進化の強固な系統遺伝的枠組みを提供する.
- 発見は,昆虫と甲殻類の配置を含む,節足類の関係性の重要な側面を解決します.
- この研究は,節足類の進化史に関する長引く議論を解決するのに貢献しています.
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