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関連する概念動画

Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.
Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

The Concept of Multiple Allelism
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

The Concept of Multiple Allelism

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

マルチロカス遺伝子のネットワークにおける驚くべき古代のバランスの取れたポリモルフィズム.

Chris Todd Hittinger1, Paula Gonçalves, José Paulo Sampaio

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.

Nature
|February 19, 2010
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究は,酵母菌における新しいタイプの遺伝子変異を明らかにし,遺伝子ネットワーク全体が数百万年間,異なる状態に保たれている. 銀河糖 (GAL) 遺伝子ネットワークを含むこの複雑な多形態化は,進化の単純なモデルに挑戦しています.

さらに関連する動画

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila
06:41

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila

Published on: August 20, 2019

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila
06:41

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila

Published on: August 20, 2019

科学分野:

  • 進化遺伝学の進化遺伝学について
  • 集団遺伝学 人口遺伝学
  • 分子進化は分子進化である.

背景:

  • 局所的な適応は,多くの場合,複数の相互作用する遺伝子によって引き起こされ,再結合による進化モデルに課題を投げかけます.
  • シングルロカスモデルは,種内の複雑な遺伝的多様性の維持を説明できない.

研究 の 目的:

  • 種内遺伝子変異の新たな形態を特定し,特徴づけること.
  • 種内の複雑な遺伝子ネットワークの進化史と維持機構を調査する.

主な方法:

  • Saccharomyces kudriavzevii菌株のゲノムシーケンシングについて.
  • 遺伝子ネットワークの状態を分析するための比較ゲノミクス.
  • 遺伝子の機能と調節作用の実験的検証.

主要な成果:

  • Saccharomyces kudriavzeviiのギャラクトース (GAL) 利用遺伝子ネットワークの2つの異なる状態を発見した:機能的 (ポルトガル株) と非機能的偽遺伝子 (日本株).
  • これらのポリモルフィズムが,近年の遺伝子フローを先行して,種の進化史にわたって維持されてきたことを実証した.
  • GAL3およびGAL80の調節遺伝子の不活性化が,これらの異なるネットワーク状態の発生と持続の重要な要因であると特定しました.

結論:

  • 種内多様性の重要な要因として,バランスのとれた,リンクされていない遺伝子ネットワークポリモルフィズムの新しいモデルを導入した.
  • 長い進化の時間尺度で維持されるこのような複雑な遺伝的多様性は,これまで考えられていたよりも一般的かもしれないことを示唆しています.