プラセボ効果の生物学的,臨床的,倫理的な進歩
Damien G Finniss1, Ted J Kaptchuk, Franklin Miller
1University of Sydney Pain Management and Research Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia. dfinniss@med.usyd.edu.au
Lancet (London, England)
|February 23, 2010
まとめ
プラセボ効果は純粋な精神生物学的反応であり,単なる惰性物質ではありません. 研究によると,これらの効果は,プラセボなしでさえも,臨床および実験室での環境で強固であることが示されています.
科学分野:
- 心理神経免疫学 心理神経免疫学について
- 臨床心理学の臨床心理学について
- 医療倫理 医療倫理について
背景:
- 伝統的に,プラセボは,臨床試験の制御のために使用される惰性物質と見なされていました.
- 最近の研究では,プラセボ効果を本物の精神生物学的現象として再定義しています.
- これらの効果は,より広範な治療的文脈によって影響を受けます.
研究 の 目的:
- プラセボ効果が真の精神生物学的出来事であることを強調するためです.
- 異なる環境におけるプラセボ効果の強さを強調する.
- 定期的な臨床ケアにプラセボメカニズムを統合する可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- プラセボ効果に関する最近の科学文献のレビュー.
- プラセボ反応の背後にある精神生物学的メカニズムの分析.
- 実験と臨床の両方の文脈でプラセボ効果の証拠の検討.
主要な成果:
- プラセボ効果は,実際の精神生物学的な出来事であることが示されています.
- これらの効果は,実験室環境と臨床環境の両方で堅実で観察可能である.
- プラセボ効果は,プラセボが投与されない場合でも起こり得るという証拠があります.
結論:
- プラセボ効果は,治療文脈の不可欠な部分です.
- さらなる研究は,医療におけるプラセボメカニズムの倫理的応用を前進させることができます.
- 研究統合の促進は,これらの固有の効果を活用する治療法を奨励することができます.
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