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The Mechanics of (Poro-)Elastic Contractile Actomyosin Networks As a Model System of the Cell Cytoskeleton08:50

The Mechanics of (Poro-)Elastic Contractile Actomyosin Networks As a Model System of the Cell Cytoskeleton

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In this work, an in vitro reconstitution approach is employed to study the poroelasticity of actomyosin gels under controlled conditions. The dynamics of the actomyosin gel and the embedded solvent are quantified, through which the network poroelasticity is demonstrated. We also discuss the experimental challenges, common pitfalls, and relevance to cell cytoskeleton...
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This protocol presents a method to perform rheology characterization of mucus that resides on gill rakers (GRs) of the silver carp. Viscoelastic characteristics of GR-mucus, obtained by measuring viscosity, storage and loss moduli, are evaluated for the apparent yield stress to understand the filter feeding mechanism in...
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A protocol for the study of the diffusion of passive tracers in laminar pressure-driven flow is presented. The procedure is applicable to various capillary pipe...
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Two different methods for characterizing the incipient particle motion of a single bead as a function of the sediment bed geometry from laminar to turbulent flow are...
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An experimentally accessible analog method for studying molecular hydrodynamic processes in dense fluids is presented. The technique uses particle image velocimetry of vibrated, high-restitution grain piles and allows direct, macroscopic observation of dynamical processes known and predicted to exist in strongly interacting, high density gases and...
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Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Macro-Rheology Characterization of Gill Raker Mucus in the Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
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敵対的な共進化は分子進化を加速する.

Steve Paterson1, Tom Vogwill, Angus Buckling

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK.

Nature
|February 26, 2010
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

宿主と寄生虫のような種間の敵対的な共進化は,分子進化を加速する. この研究は,共進化ファグがより速く進化し,恒常宿主を持つものよりも大きな遺伝的差異を示したことを示しています.

さらに関連する動画

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

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Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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科学分野:

  • 進化生物学の進化生物学について
  • 微生物ゲノミクス
  • 同進化のダイナミクス

背景:

  • レッドクイーン仮説は,種が生き残るために絶えず適応し,反適応しなければならないという仮説を提唱しています.
  • レッドクイーン仮説の実証的証拠は,共進化論の研究に必要な長い時間スケールのために制限されています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 共同進化する宿主-寄生虫系における分子進化率を調べることで,赤の女王仮説を実証的に検証する.
  • バクテリア・ファージ系における分子進化の速度とパターンに対する敵対的共進化の影響を調査する.

主な方法:

  • Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25の集団とそのファグ Phi2.2を使用した実験的な進化.
  • 共同進化する宿主と恒常宿主遺伝子型で進化するファグの分子進化率を比較する.
  • 進化したファグ集団の遺伝的差異と宿主感染範囲を分析する.

主要な成果:

  • ファージの分子進化率は,恒常の宿主に対して進化すると比較して,細菌と共進化する際に著しく高かった.
  • 同進化は,複製されたファグ集団の間のより大きな遺伝的差異をもたらした.
  • 遺伝的差異の程度は,共進化したファグが感染できる宿主の範囲と相関していた.
  • 宿主感染に関与する遺伝子は,共進化的圧力下で最も急速な進化を示した.

結論:

  • 敵対的な共進化は,ゲノムレベルとフェノタイプレベルの両方で,急速かつ異なった分子進化の重要な原動力である.
  • この研究は,微生物システムにおけるレッドクイーン仮説に直接的な経験的支持を提供します.
  • 同進化のダイナミクスは,種内の進化的変化を理解するために不可欠です.