生態学的に異なる恐竜の姉妹群は,オルニソディラ (Ornithodira) の初期の多様化を示しています
Sterling J Nesbitt1, Christian A Sidor, Randall B Irmis
1Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA.
Nature
|March 6, 2010
まとめ
初期の鳥系アーコサウルスのアシライサウルス・コングウェの発見は,オルニソディラと恐竜の祖先の古代の起源を明らかにする. この発見は,トライアス紀中期のクロコディリアン系アーコサウルスの並びに同時代の鳥系放射を強調しています.
科学分野:
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- 脊椎動物の進化について
- アーキゾーラ 系統遺伝学
背景:
- 初期のオルニソディラ (鳥系アーコサウル) は,ラガーペトンのような不完全な化石と,ペトロサウルスのような特殊な形態のため,ほとんど理解されていません.
- トライアス紀のサイレサウルスのような分類種は,互いに,そして恐竜との議論の余地のある関係を示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- タンザニアの初期の中期トライアシク時代の新しい鳥系アーコサウルスのアシライサウルス・コングウェについて説明します.
- アシライサウルス・コングウェのアーコサウリア内の系統遺伝的位置を決定する.
- 鳥系アーコサウルスの初期の多様化とその恐竜との関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- 形態学的データに基づいたアシライサウルス・コングウェの系統遺伝分析.
- 骨格の特徴,歯並び,および関連する分類と推測された食事の比較分析.
主要な成果:
- Asilisaurus kongweは,鳥系アーコサウルとして位置し,Dinosauriaの姉妹分類であるSilesauridaeのメンバーである.
- シレサウリドはトライアス紀後期までに広範囲の分布と多様性を示し,独特なオルニソディランバウプランを有していた.
- 歯と食事の独立した進化は,肉食的な祖先からシレサウリド,オルニチスキア,サウロポドモルフに起こった.
結論:
- Asilisaurus kongweは,最も古い鳥系アーコサウルであり,オルニソディラと恐竜の系統の古代性を確認しています.
- 中期トライアス (アニシアン) は,以前に記録されたクロコディリアン系アーコサウルスと並行して,鳥系アーコサウルスの同時放射を目撃しました.
- マンダのアーコサウルスの集合は,中期トライアス紀またはそれ以前に起こった重要なアーコサウルスの多様化を示しています.
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