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肉体の性アイデンティティは,鶏の細胞自律性である
1Division of Developmental Biology The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies University of Edinburgh Roslin Midlothian EH25 9PS tel: 0131 527 4222.
Nature
|March 12, 2010
まとめ
鳥の体細胞には固有の性同一性があり,性差異は細胞自律的である. これは,脊椎動物における哺乳類の性別決定モデルの普遍的な適用に挑戦しています.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 比較生理学 比較生理学とは
背景:
- 哺乳類の性決定モデルでは,性的に無関心な胚が,性決定遺伝子の変異により分化します.
- 鳥を含むすべての脊椎動物に対するこのモデルの適用性は,まだ確立されていない.
- 鳥の性別決定のメカニズムは,特に体細胞の同一性に関するさらなる調査を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- 鳥の性決定メカニズムを自然発生の横向性ジナンドロモルフ鶏を用いて調査する.
- 男性と女性の鳥の体細胞が固有の性アイデンティティを持っているという仮説を検証するために.
- 鳥類の性別決定を,混合性キメラの哺乳類モデルと比較する.
主な方法:
- 反対側の男性と女性の特徴を示す3つの横向きのギナンドロモルフ鶏の分析.
- 男性:女性キメア性生殖腺を生成するために,互いの性別の胚の間に推定メソデルマの外科移植.
- 細胞マーカーを用いた宿主性腺内のドナー細胞の行動とアイデンティティの検査.
主要な成果:
- ジナンドロモルフ鶏は,本来の男性:女性キメラであると確認され,固有の体細胞性同一性を示唆しました.
- 鶏の混合性キメラでは,哺乳類とは異なり,ドナー細胞は機能的な性腺構造から除外されていました.
- 男性の宿主の発達中の丸に移植された女性の細胞は,女性のアイデンティティを保持し,女性の機能マーカーを表現しました.
結論:
- 鳥類の体細胞は,宿主の全体的な性別とは関係なく,固有の性アイデンティティを持っています.
- 鳥の性差分は実質的に細胞自律的であり,一般的な哺乳類モデルとは異なる.
- この研究は,脊椎動物クラスの異なる性決定メカニズムに対する重要な証拠を提供します.
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