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ステレオタクティックな体放射線治療は,手術不能の初期段階の肺がんの治療に適しています
Robert Timmerman1, Rebecca Paulus, James Galvin
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. robert.timmerman@utsouthwestern.edu
JAMA
|March 18, 2010
まとめ
ステレオタクティックな身体放射線治療は,医学的に手術不能の早期非小細胞肺がん患者の腫瘍制御と生存を大幅に改善します. この治療は,この高リスクグループに対して,高い局所制御率と管理可能な毒性を提供します.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 放射線腫瘍学 放射線腫瘍学
- 肺内医学 肺内医学 肺内医学
背景:
- 早期非小細胞肺がん (NSCLC) は,医学的に手術不能な患者で,現在の治療法では,原発性腫瘍制御率 (30%-40%) が低く,死亡率が高い (3年生存率,20%-35%).
- これは,この挑戦的な患者集団において,効果的な治療戦略の必要性を強調しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 初期段階の,医学的に手術不能なNSCLCの患者に対するステレオタクティックな体放射線療法 (SBRT) の有効性と毒性を評価する.
- 主要腫瘍制御,生存率,および治療に関連する有害事象に対するSBRTの影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 2期多センター試験では,生検で証明された外周T1-T2N0M0NSCLC (直径<5cm) が手術に不適した18歳以上の患者を対象とした.
- 患者は,SBRTを1.5〜2週間にわたって,分数ごとに18Gyで3つの分数 (合計54Gy) で受けました.
- プライマリエンドポイントは2年間のプライマリ腫瘍コントロールであり,二次エンドポイントには,無疾患生存率,毒性,全生存率が含まれていました.
主要な成果:
- 評価可能な55人の患者 (44 T1,11 T2) を分析し,追跡期間の中央値は34.4ヶ月であった.
- 3年間の原発腫瘍制御率は97.6%でした. 3年後の地域対地域対照値は87.2%でした.
- 3年全生存率は55.8%で,平均全生存期間は48.1ヶ月でした. グレード3/4の有害事象は,患者の16.3%で発生しました.
結論:
- ステレオタクティックな身体放射線治療は,医学的に手術不能の早期NSCLC患者において,局所的な腫瘍制御の高い割合を示しています.
- SBRTは3年間の生存率を55.8%で,治療関連の発病率は中程度で,この高リスクグループにとって重要な進歩を表しています.
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