181カ国の妊産婦死亡率,1980年~2008年:ミレニアム開発目標5の達成に向けた進捗を体系的に分析する
Margaret C Hogan1, Kyle J Foreman, Mohsen Naghavi
1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98121, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 13, 2010
まとめ
世界的な妊産婦死亡率は1980年から2008年の間に著しく減少したが,ミレニアム開発目標5の目標達成に向けた進展は大きく異なる. 世界保健目標を達成するためにさらなる削減が必要である.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- デモグラフィー デモグラフィー 人口統計
- 生殖器保健は,生殖器の健康についてです.
背景:
- 妊産婦死亡率は,世界的な健康上の重要な課題であり続けています.
- 妊産婦死亡率と傾向に関する正確なデータは,資源の配分とミレニアム開発目標5に向けた進捗状況の評価に不可欠です.
- この研究は,181カ国の世界的な母子の死亡率レベルと傾向を評価しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 1980年から2008年までの世界の妊産婦死亡率のレベルと傾向を分析する.
- 世界各国の妊産婦死亡率と妊産婦死亡率 (MMR) の最新推定値を提供するためです.
- 妊産婦死亡率を低減し,世界保健目標を達成するための戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- 1980年から2008年までの2651件の母子の死亡率の観察に関する包括的なデータベースをまとめました.
- 181カ国の重要な登録データ,国勢調査,調査,口頭解剖研究を利用した.
- 毎年発生する妊産婦死亡率とMMRを推定するために,データの感度と予測有効性を評価するために,堅牢な分析方法を使用しました.
主要な成果:
- 2008年には,世界中で推定342,900人の妊産婦が死亡し,1980年には526,300人だったが,減少した.
- 世界的なMMRは1980年の422件から2008年の10万生児当たり251件に低下し,1990年以来の年間減少率は1.3%である.
- MMRの減少率は国によって大きく変動しており,2008年の妊産婦死亡の50%以上は6カ国で発生した.
結論:
- ミレニアム開発目標5に向けてかなりの進展がみられたが,進歩は不均等である.
- 2015年までにMMRを75%削減するという目標を達成する道を進んでいるのは23か国だけです.
- エジプト,中国,エクアドル,ボリビアなどの国は,妊産婦死亡率の減少に加速した進展を示しています.
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