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Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Mnemonic Devices01:23

Mnemonic Devices

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Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...
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Detecting Behavioral Deficits in Rats After Traumatic Brain Injury
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Detecting Behavioral Deficits in Rats After Traumatic Brain Injury

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脳のトレーニングをテストに

Adrian M Owen1, Adam Hampshire, Jessica A Grahn

  • 1MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK. adrian.owen@mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk

Nature
|April 22, 2010
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

商業的な脳トレーニングプログラムは,一般的な認知機能を改善する証拠を示していません. 特定の訓練されたスキルが向上する一方で,その恩恵は,より広範な人口の訓練されていない作業に伝わらない.

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関連する実験動画

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科学分野:

  • 認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.
  • 神経科学は神経科学である.
  • 人とコンピュータの相互作用 人とコンピュータの相互作用

背景:

  • 脳のトレーニング業界は,数百万ポンドの市場です.
  • コンピュータによる脳トレーニングの有効性に関する科学的証拠は限られている.
  • 既存の研究では,特定の集団 (高齢者,学園児) または関連するスキル (ゲーマーにおける視覚的注意) で,控えめな効果が示されています.

研究 の 目的:

  • コンピュータによる脳トレーニングが一般的な認知機能を改善するかどうかを調査する.
  • 認知トレーニングの恩恵が未訓練のタスクに転嫁するかどうかを判断する.
  • 広く利用可能な脳トレーニングプログラムの有効性を評価する.

主な方法:

  • 6週間のオンライン研究で,11,430人の参加者が参加した.
  • 参加者は,推論,記憶,計画,視覚空間技能,注意力をターゲットにした定期的な認知トレーニングセッションに参加しました.
  • 訓練された,および訓練されていない認知的なタスクでのパフォーマンスは評価されました.

主要な成果:

  • 参加者は,訓練されたすべての認知作業の改善を示しました.
  • 訓練されていないタスクへの転移効果の証拠は見つかりませんでした.
  • この移転の欠如は,認知に関連した未訓練のタスクでも持続しました.

結論:

  • コンピュータ化された脳トレーニングは,訓練された特定のタスクでのみパフォーマンスを改善します.
  • 脳のトレーニングが一般の人々の一般的な認知能力を高めるという主張には,経験的根拠が不足しています.
  • 商業的な脳トレーニングプログラムの広範な有効性についての広く信じられている信念は,この研究の発見によって支持されていません.