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土壌から海までの有機炭酸ナイトレート関係のステキオメトリック制御

Philip G Taylor¹, Alan R Townsend

¹INSTAAR, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA. philip.taylor@colorado.edu

|April 24, 2010

まとめ

人間の活動による活性窒素の増加は,生態系における窒素の蓄積を引き起こします. 微生物のプロセスと資源のステキオメトリーによって引き起こされる有機炭素の利用可能性は,土壌から海洋まで,様々な環境で窒素濃度を制御します.

科学分野:

環境科学環境科学
エコロジーエコロジーエコロジー
バイオジオケミストリーバイオジオケミストリー

背景:

肥料の使用などの人間の活動により,活性窒素が増加し,世界の窒素循環が混乱しています.
淡水と海洋の生態系における窒素の蓄積は,重大な環境問題である.
窒素循環の再編成は,食品生産と生態系の健康に影響を及ぼします.

研究の目的:

生態系における窒素の蓄積と有機炭素の利用可能性との関係を調査する.
資源ステキオメトリーが様々な環境における窒素蓄積にどのように影響するかを理解する.
ニートレートのレベルを調節する微生物プロセスの役割を調査する.

主な方法:

水文学的連続体 (土壌からオープンオーシャンまで) に沿って窒素の蓄積の分析.
溶解した有機炭素と窒素酸塩の循環を組み合わせた微生物のプロセスのメタ分析.
資源ステキオメトリー (有機炭素:窒素比) とその微生物のアナボリズムとカタボリズムへの影響の検討.

主要な成果:

生態系の窒素の蓄積は,有機炭素の利用可能性と負の非線形相関を示している.
資源ステキオメトリー (有機炭素:ナイトレート) は,ナイトレートの蓄積に影響を与える微生物のプロセスを調節します.
ヘテロトロフィー,窒素化,脱窒素化を含む微生物のプロセスは,制限されたステキオメトリックウィンドウ内で動作します.

結論:

エコロジカルステキオメトリーは,多様な生態系における窒素の運命を理解するための枠組みを提供します.
炭素と窒素の循環の微生物の調節は,窒素の蓄積を制御する鍵です.
発見は,自然環境と人間によって変化した環境の両方に適用され,窒素汚染管理に関する洞察を提供します.

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