主体-寄生虫の相互作用が,フィラ全体に横断的にトランポゾン移転する際の役割
Clément Gilbert1, Sarah Schaack, John K Pace
1Department of Biology, University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA.
Nature
|April 30, 2010
まとめ
ホスト-寄生虫の相互作用は,無脊椎動物と脊椎動物の間で遺伝物質,特にトランポゾン,の水平移転を促進します. このプロセスは,病気のベクトルを含む動物のゲノム進化に大きく影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 寄生虫学とは,寄生虫学である.
背景:
- 水平移転 (HT) は,真核生物における重要な進化的メカニズムである.
- トランスポゾンは,HTに罹患しやすい移動性遺伝子要素ですが,その種間感染経路は不明です.
- ホスト-寄生虫の関係がHTを媒介すると仮定されている.
研究 の 目的:
- 無脊椎動物と脊椎動物の間のトランスポソンの水平移転における宿主-寄生虫の相互作用の役割を調査する.
- HTに関与する特定のトランポゾンファミリーとその宿主を特定する.
- ゲノム進化を促進するHTの証拠を提供するために.
主な方法:
- ホストと寄生虫のゲノムにおけるトランポゾンファミリーの比較ゲノミクス分析.
- トランポソンの起源と関係を決定するための系統遺伝分析.
- ロドニウス・プロリクサス (Rhodnius prolixus) やリムネア・スタグナリス (Lymnaea stagnalis) のような病変ベクトルにおけるトランポゾン識別.
主要な成果:
- ロドニウス・プロリクス (Rhodnius prolixus) と多くの四足体の宿主において,4つの異なったトランスポゾン族が発見されました.
- これらのバグのトランポゾンは,哺乳類の宿主 (オポッサム,リス猿) のものと高い配列同一性および系統遺伝的クラスタリングを示した.
- Lymnaea stagnalisに1つのトランスポゾン族が特定され,その配列は旧世界の哺乳類に似たものである.
結論:
- ホスト-寄生虫の相互作用,特に血の栄養とトレマトード感染は,無脊椎動物と脊椎動物の間のトランポゾンHTを容易にします.
- 横に転移したトランポゾンの増幅は,動物のゲノム進化に寄与する.
- この研究は,種間の遺伝子交換を媒介する寄生虫の相互作用の役割に対する強力な証拠を提供します.
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