病院の特徴は,有害事象と標準以下のケアに関連しています
T A Brennan1, L E Hebert, N M Laird
1Division of General Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
JAMA
|June 26, 1991
まとめ
病院によって有害事象 (AEs) と過失は大きく異なります. 教養病院と農村病院は,異なるAE率を示しているが,マイノリティの患者集団は,品質の問題を示す,より高い怠慢率と関連している.
科学分野:
- 医療の質 研究 医療の質 研究
- 医療ミス エピデミオロギー 疫学
- 病院の管理 病院の管理 病院の管理
背景:
- 有害事象 (AEs) は,医療による傷害である.
- 病院間でのAEsと不注意の変動を理解することは,品質の改善に不可欠です.
- 以前の品質測定では,患者集団のリスク要因が考慮されていない可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 有害事象 (AE) の流行病学を探求する.
- 怠慢による有害事象のサブセットを調査する.
- 病院間でのAEと不注意率の変動を調べる.
主な方法:
- 1984年にランダムに選択された51のニューヨークの病院からの31,000件の医療記録の分析.
- 単変数および多変数分析により,AE率および過失に関連する要因を特定します.
- 異なる病院タイプにおけるAE率と怠慢率の比較.
主要な成果:
- AE率 (0.2%7.9%) と過失 (1%60%) の大幅な変動が観察されました.
- 初等教育病院ではAE率が高かった (4.1%),農村病院ではAE率が低かった (1.0%).
- 怠慢は,教育機関や営利目的の病院では低かったが,80%以上の少数派患者 (37%) の病院では高かった.
結論:
- AESと不注意は,病院間でランダムに分布していません.
- 特定の病院の種類と患者の人口統計は,医療上の怪我や標準以下のケアの増加率と関連しています.
- これらの発見は,患者集団のリスクを考慮することによって,品質の改善の尺度を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Hospitals-I
Hospitals offer medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, along with accommodation while they recover. At the same time, they also provide outpatient, emergency, psychiatric, and rehabilitation services to meet various community needs. In addition to providing medical care, hospitals also act as hubs for medical research and training. Hospitals use clinical procedures and evidence-based practice standards to deliver patient care. To deliver safe and efficient care, a nurse must stay up...
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Hospitals-II
Hospitals provide inpatient and outpatient services. Inpatient services provide care to patients that stay in the hospital for an extended period, ranging from days to months. Examples of inpatient services include intensive care units, hospital wards, or surgeries. Outpatient services provide care to patients who come to a hospital for a diagnostic or treatment but do not stay overnight —for example, diagnostic tests, surgical procedures, or health education.
Nurses that work in hospitals have...
Nurses that work in hospitals have...
Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report
An Incident or Occurrence Report in a healthcare setting is a crucial document used to record any unexpected occurrence that may or may not have affected a patient, employee, or visitor. Such reports are critical to improving patient safety and include all details leading up to and including the event.
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
