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米国における下痢による死亡者数,1979年から1987年 高齢者にとって特別な問題です
J F Lew1, R I Glass, R E Gangarosa
1Viral Gastroenteritis Unit, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
JAMA
|June 26, 1991
まとめ
米国では,下痢が高齢者に不釣り合いな影響を及ぼしており,74歳以上の高齢者の死亡の半分以上が下痢によるものです. 危険因子には,白人,女性,長期介護を受けている人などがあり,標的型予防措置の必要性を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
背景:
- 下痢は,世界中で幼い子供の死亡の重要な原因です.
- 成人集団における下痢による死亡に関するデータは限られている.
- すべての年齢層における下痢による死亡傾向を理解することは,公衆衛生の介入にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国におけるすべての年齢層における下痢による死亡の傾向を調べる.
- 下痢による死亡率に関連した人口統計学的およびリスク要因を特定する.
- 下痢による死亡における季節的パターンを調査する.
主な方法:
- 国立保健統計センター (1979年−1987年) の全国死亡率データを活用した.
- 下痢が直接的または根本的な原因であった死亡を含む.
- 高齢者,成人,幼児を含むさまざまな年齢層のデータを分析した.
主要な成果:
- 9年間の期間で,下痢による死亡者は28,538人であった.
- 下痢による死亡者の大半は高齢者 (51%) で,次に55~74歳 (27%) の成人と小児 (11%) であった.
- 高齢者の死亡の危険因子には,白人,女性,長期介護施設に居住していることが含まれていた.
結論:
- 高齢者,特に長期介護を受けている高齢者は,下痢による死亡リスクが高い.
- リスクの高い高齢者のための口腔再水分療法やワクチンなどの予防戦略を探るため,さらなる研究が必要である.
- 季節的なパターンは,一部の集団における下痢の感染源を示唆し,さらなる調査を正当化しています.
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