資源管理サイクルと,採集された野生生物集団の持続可能性
John M Fryxell1, Craig Packer, Kevin McCann
1Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada. jfryxell@uoguelph.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 15, 2010
まとめ
絶え間ない採集は,野生生物の集団崩壊を引き起こす可能性があります. 管理やユーザー行動における遅れた応答は,サイクルを作り,崩壊のリスクを増加させる可能性があります. この研究は,狩猟された鹿と鹿の集団におけるこれらの動態をモデル化し,確認しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 人口のダイナミクス
- 野生生物管理とは,野生生物の管理です.
背景:
- 絶え間ない採集政策は,野生生物の個体群を不安定にすることができます.
- 成長率のストキャスティック変動はリスクを悪化させる.
- 資源の豊富な資源への遅延反応は,資源管理において一般的です.
研究 の 目的:
- 収穫時の弱い補償反応が,人口動態にどのように影響するか調査する.
- 収穫サイクルの出現と,その集団崩壊との関連をモデル化すること.
- 狩猟された類の個体群からの経験的データを用いてモデルの予測をテストする.
主な方法:
- 動的なシステムモデルを開発し,様々な収穫のフィードバック下で人口動態をシミュレートしました.
- モデルにリソースユーザーと管理者の遅延応答を組み込みました.
- 白尾鹿と鹿の個体群のタイムシリーズデータを分析した.
主要な成果:
- モデルでは,採集された集団の10年周期を予測した.
- 収穫量とクォータは長期にわたる遅れを示し,収穫量は中期的な遅れを示した.
- 鹿とムースの集団からの経験的データは,モデルの予測を裏付けました.
結論:
- 採集における弱い補償反応は,周期的な集団動態を誘発する可能性があります.
- これらのサイクルは,野生生物の壊滅的な集団崩壊のリスクを高めます.
- 管理戦略は,人口の持続可能性を確保するために,行動遅延を考慮する必要があります.
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