カルシネウリンとATF3の相反する役割は,表皮性皮膚がんにおけるものです
Xunwei Wu1, Bach-Cuc Nguyen, Piotr Dziunycz
1Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
Nature
|May 21, 2010
まとめ
カルシヌーリンの阻害剤は,状細胞癌 (SCC) のリスクを高めます. カルシヌーリン/NFATシグナル伝達抑制は,ATF3が重要な役割を果たすp53-依存の衰老を阻害することによって,皮膚腫瘍形成を促進します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 皮膚科 皮膚科について
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
背景:
- カルシヌーリンの阻害剤 (例えば,サイクロスポリンA) は,臓器移植受容者にとって重要な免疫抑制剤である.
- これらの薬は,表皮細胞癌 (SCC) のリスクを大幅に高めますが,基礎細胞癌 (BCC),メラノーマ,および内部悪性腫瘍にはより少ない影響があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 皮膚がんの発症における活性化T細胞 (NFAT) 信号伝達におけるカルシネウリン/核因子の役割を調査する.
- カルシヌーリン/NFATの阻害が腫瘍発生に寄与するメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- H-ras (((V12) を発現するケラチノサイトまたはSCC細胞を持つマウス皮膚モデルとクセノ移植を使用しました.
- カルシヌーリン/NFAT機能を抑制するために遺伝的および薬理学的方法を用いた.
- P53依存がん細胞の老化とATF3発現への影響を分析した.
主要な成果:
- カルシヌーリン/NFATシグナル伝達の抑制は,マウスの皮膚と異種移植における腫瘍形成を促した.
- カルシヌーリン/NFAT抑制は,p53-依存性がん細胞の衰老を相殺し,腫瘍発生可能性を高めました.
- ATF3は,カルシヌーリン/NFATの阻害によって選択的に誘発され,衰老の抑制と腫瘍発生の増加を媒介した.
結論:
- 健全なカルシヌーリン/NFATシグナル伝達は,p53と老化媒介による皮膚SCCに対する保護に不可欠である.
- カルシヌーリン/NFAT経路の阻害は,免疫抑制の個体におけるSCCの発症を誘発する重要なメカニズムです.
- ATF3をターゲットにしたり,カルシヌーリン/NFATの活性を取り戻したりすることで,SCCを予防するための治療戦略を提供することができます.
関連する概念動画
Abnormal Proliferation
4.0K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.0K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
8.3K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.3K
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia
2.5K
Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
2.5K
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.2K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
6.2K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.2K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.2K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin
4.8K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
4.8K


