CD95は腫瘍の成長を促進する
Lina Chen1, Sun-Mi Park, Alexei V Tumanov
1The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, 924 E 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Nature
|May 28, 2010
まとめ
CD95 (Fas) 受容体のシグナル伝達は,しばしば細胞死と関連しており,驚くべきことに腫瘍の成長を促します. CD95を強化するのではなく抑制することは,がん治療の有効な戦略かもしれません.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 癌生物学 癌生物学について
- 分子シグナリング
背景:
- CD95 (Fas) 受容体は,アポトーシス経由で免疫系ホメオスタシスに不可欠です.
- 腫瘍細胞はしばしばCD95を低下させ,またはアポトーシスに抵抗し,CD95の喪失が腫瘍逃避を助長することを示唆しています.
- 逆説的に,多くの癌はCD95およびその結合体 (CD95L) を発現し,非アポプトティックな役割を暗示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 腫瘍の成長におけるCD95信号伝達の役割を調査する.
- CD95が非アポプトシス経路を通じて腫瘍形成を促進するかどうかを判断する.
- 癌における治療標的としてCD95を評価する.
主な方法:
- 癌細胞におけるCD95発現とアポトーシス感受性の分析.
- 卵巣および肝臓がんのマウスモデルにおけるCD95シグナル伝達の研究.
- CD95媒介による腫瘍発生に関与する下流信号伝達経路 (JNK/Jun) の解明.
主要な成果:
- 癌細胞は,がんによって生成されたCD95Lによって刺激される構成的なCD95活性に依存して成長します.
- CD95の喪失は,マウスモデルにおけるがん発生率と腫瘍のサイズを著しく減少させた.
- CD95駆動の腫瘍促進には,JNKとJunのシグナル伝達経路が含まれています.
結論:
- CD95は,がんの発生と進行において,腫瘍原性作用を及ぼす.
- CD95の活性を増強するのではなく,CD95の活性をターゲットにすることは,有望な治療戦略です.
- CD95の非アポプトシス機能を理解することは,効果的ながん治療の開発に不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
Cancer
51.7K
Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
51.7K
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
6.3K
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
6.3K
Abnormal Proliferation
4.0K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.0K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.6K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.6K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
8.3K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.3K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
4.8K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
Somatic...
4.8K


